Standardized approaches in CDM methodologies

1. Standardized approaches in CDM methodologies Daniel Perczyk 7th Joint Workshop 13/03/2011

2. Overview Baseline scenario • Default values for lifetime in the Lifetime Tool • Quantitative criteria for baseline scenario(ACM0013) • Default values for key parameters (AMS II J) Baseline emissions • Small scale methodology for substitution of fossil fuel based lighting • Small scale methodology for plastic recovery Project emissions • Default factors for power plants in the Grid emission factor Tool, • Default factor for emissions from cultivation in biofuel methodologies • Leakage • Default factors for fossil fuel production Additionality • Small scale simplified procedure

3. Baseline scenario: lifetime • Tool to determine the remaining lifetime of equipment For the technical lifetime, the following default values apply:

4. Baseline scenario: quantitative criteria • ACM 0013 New grid connected fossil fuel fired power plants using a less GHG intensive technology Baseline emissions Baseline CO2 emission factor will be determined using the lowest value between: (i) the emission factor of the technology and fuel type that has been identified as the most likely baseline scenario, and (ii) a benchmark emission factor determined based on the performance of the top 15% power plants that use the same fuel category as the project plant and any technology available in the geographical area

5. Baseline scenario: default values • II.J. Demand-side activities for efficient lighting technologies Two options to determine operating hours of project (and baseline) lamps: Option 1: A default value of 3.5 hours per 24 hrs period for ‘daily operating hours’, is chosen ex ante and is used ex post throughout the crediting period. In this case no surveying is required. Option 2: Instead of using a default value of 3.5 hours, a measured (sampling) value can be used

6. Baseline emissions: fossil fuel based lighting • AMS III.AR. Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED lighting systems This methodology provides for a default annual baseline emissions factor for the project lamps distributed to end-users. The following assumptions are made about the equivalent baseline lighting system: • Fuel use rate (liters/hour): 0.025 liters/hour; • Utilization rate (hours/day): 3.5 hours per day; • Utilization (days/year): 365 days per year; • Fuel emissions factor: 2.4 kgCO2/liter; • Leakage factor: 1.0; • Number of fuel-based lamps replaced per project lamp: 1.0; • Net-to-Gross factor: 1.0 Then, Default factor per lamp= 0.08 tCO2 Baseline emissions per lamp are calculated as:

7. Baseline emissions: plastic recovery • III.AJ. Recovery and recycling of materials from solid wastes Recovery and recycling of high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) materials in municipal solid wastes to process them into intermediate or finished products e.g. plastic resin to displace production of virgin plastic materials in dedicated facilities thereby resulting energy savings and emission reduction. The following default values for the production of pellet from virgin inputs shall be used: • 0.83 MWh/t (3 GJ/t) and 1.67 MWh/t (6 GJ/t) for HDPE and LDPE • 1.11MWh/t (4.0 GJ/t) for PET Other materials: glass, papers? Revisions are encouraged.

8. Baseline emissions: efficiency of power plants • Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system

9. Baseline emissions: efficiency of power plants

10. Project emissions: cultivation • ACM 0017 Production of biodiesel for use as fuel

11. Leakage: fossil fuel upstream emissions • ACM 0017 Production of biodiesel for use as fuel Emission factor for production of crude oil : 0.073 tCO2e/t petrodiesel A global value was calculated with the assumption that that upstream emissions with respect to crude oil production in Annex I countries is zero. Emission factor related to oil refining shall be one of the following:  a) In the absence of a country-specific data 0.233t-CO2/t petrodiesel b) If refining occurs in the host country, local emission factors from an official information source (e.g. national communications)

12. Additionality: simplified procedure • Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of renewable energy projects =<5 MW and energy efficiency projects with energy savings <=20 GWh per year Projects are automatically additional under certain conditions.

13. Additionality: simplified for projects <=5MW or <=20GWh • For projects in an LDC/SIDS or in a special underdeveloped zone of the host country identified by the Government before 28 May 2010, no requirement of additionality. RE projects lesser than 5 MW are additional: • If the project activity is about off grid project supplying to households /communities • If the project is for distributed renewable energy generation and each of the independent subsystems/measures in the project <=750 kW and end users of the of the subsystems or measures are households/ communities/SMEs • If the project technology has been recommended by DNA and approved by EB, and market penetration of the technology/measure<=5% EE projects lesser than <=20 GWH/year are additional: • If the project activity is about non industrial demand side energy efficiency activity, each of the independent subsystem/measure in the project annually saves <=600 MWh, and end users of the subsystem or measure are households/ communities/SMEs

14. Thanks for your attention Daniel Perczyk dp@itdt.edu