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Enzymes

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions without being permanently changed. They lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur. This article explores the mode of action of enzymes, the factors affecting the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions, and the two types of inhibitors.

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Enzymes

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  1. Enzymes Biological catalyst – it speeds up reactions without being permanently changed

  2. Activation Energy • Substrates have some energy within their chemical bonds • They need extra energy added to cause them to change into products. • This is called activation energy. • Enzymes lower the energy needed for a reaction to occur. • After the reaction, the products have less available energy than was in the original substrate

  3. Mode of action • active site • specific • form enzyme-substrate complexes • There are two theories on how they work:

  4. Lock and Key Hypothesis

  5. Induced Fit Hypothesis

  6. Factors affecting the rate of enzyme controlled reactions • Enzyme Concentration • Substrate Concentration • Temperature • pH

  7. Inhibitors • Two types: • Competitive • Non-competitive

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