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World War II: The Short Version

A concise summary of key events leading to the start of World War II, including Hitler's actions, the invasion of Ethiopia, the rearmament of the Rhineland, the Spanish Civil War, the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, the Anschluss with Austria, the Munich Pact, and the invasion of Czechoslovakia.

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World War II: The Short Version

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  1. World War Two World War II The Short Version

  2. October 1933 - Hitler pulls Germany out of League of Nations March 1935 – Hitler denounces clauses of Versailles Treaty that limits German arms

  3. Hitler expands military shows tanks Luftwaffe builds ships draft

  4. Ethiopia • October 3, 1935 Italy (Mussolini) attacks Ethiopia • May 9, 1935 Italy annexes Ethiopia • Resistance under Haile Selassie continues throughout the War

  5. The West does nothing England worried an embargo would start a general war France does not want to alienate Mussolini since they see him as a possible ally against Hitler

  6. Rhineland • March 7, 1936 Nazi Germany Rearms the Rhineland • Against the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles • Germany still weak, German generals warn against it-Hitler tells them to retreat if France makes a move

  7. France will do nothing without British support England back to Splendid Isolation

  8. Hitler takes from this: *Leaders of the West are weak *He was right and the generals are wrong

  9. Spain • Civil War breaks out July 17, 1936 • Fascist troops led Generalissimo Francisco Franco are supported by Italy and Nazi Germany • Government supported by moderates and the left

  10. April 26, 1937 Guernica bombed the German Condor Legion

  11. Guernica - Pablo Picasso

  12. 2nd Sino-Japanese War • Marco Polo Bridge- Beijing July 7, 1937 • Bombing of Shanghai August 13, 1937 • Invasion of Shanghai • Rape of Nanking

  13. Rape of Nanking December 1937 About 300,000 civilians killed 90,000 POW’s

  14. Anschluss • March 12, 1938 • Union with Austria • Dr. Kurt von Schuschnigg • Replaced by Dr. Arthur Seyss-Inquart • Austria taken without a shot • Schuschnigg arrested, taken to camps

  15. German army crosses border

  16. Sets Hitler’s pattern for taking territory • Complain about German minority getting discriminated against • Has local Nazi party cause unrest • Says government must restore calm or he will • Threaten leader • After take over announce that is the last territorial claim

  17. The army moves in • 7. Following the army comes the S.S. with lists of individuals to arrest or shoot

  18. Munich Pact • Hitler demands the unification of all Germanic people. • Wants Sudetenland which was part of Germany and Austria

  19. Chamberlain meets Hitler

  20. Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia given to Germany by Neville Chamberlain Appeasement

  21. Why do leaders in the West follow policy of appeasement?

  22. France: Suffered great human and material losses during WWI Have neither military or moral strength to fight again

  23. England: Cut defense spending in the 20’s and early 30’s to pay for social programs Not strong enough to fight

  24. Many people feel Germany is correct about the harshness of the Versailles Treaty Some see Hitler as a champion against communism

  25. Many feel they can deal with Hitler • Thinking based on: • There must be a limit to what he wants • No rational person wants to have a war

  26. Czechoslovakia • March 15, 1939 • Nazi Germany invades the rest of Czechoslovakia • Violates the Munich Pact

  27. West begins to realize Hitler may not be telling the truth Decide to support Poland Problem? No common border, can only help by invading Germany if war comes

  28. Stalin worried about Hitler • Hitler’s talks about destroying Bolshevism and finding Lebensraum to the East

  29. Tries to work a deal with France and England France afraid it will make Hitler mad England uninterested and feels Commies are a bigger threat than Hitler

  30. Stalin decides the only way to deal Hitler is to deal with Hitler

  31. Non-Aggression pact with the Soviet Union signed August 23, 1939

  32. What does each side want this? Hitler will not have to fight a two front was like Germany did in WWI Stalin gets time to modernize his army and rebuild the officer corps after the Purge

  33. What are the terms? Poland is divided between the two powers Stalin gets the Baltic States Agree to trade

  34. Poland • September 1, 1939 • Blitzkrieg attack on Poland • Starts World War II in Europe

  35. Junker 87 Stuka

  36. Total War War not just on soldiers Also on civilians and economy

  37. Warsaw

  38. Einsatzgruppen

  39. Stalin invades Finland to get buffer space around Leningrad

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