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Inside the Earth

Inside the Earth. Notes Chapter 17 Section 1 Mrs. Negrito. Composition of the Earth. Less dense outer layer of the Earth More dense inner layer of the Earth Three main layers of the Earth: crust, mantle, core. The Crust. Ranges from 5-100 km thick- thinnest layer.

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Inside the Earth

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  1. Inside the Earth Notes Chapter 17 Section 1 Mrs. Negrito

  2. Composition of the Earth • Less dense outer layer of the Earth • More dense inner layer of the Earth • Three main layers of the Earth: crust, mantle, core.

  3. The Crust • Ranges from 5-100 km thick- thinnest layer. • Continental crust- light materials: silicon, oxygen and aluminum. Less dense • Oceanic crust- heavy materials: iron, calcium, and magnesium.More dense

  4. The Mantle • Between the crust and the core. Very thick and has the most mass. • We infer what the mantle looks like- too far down. We look at the surface. • Made of iron and magnesium.

  5. Core • Begins at the bottom of the mantle and ends at the center. • Core- iron, nickel , sulfur and oxygen.

  6. The Structure of the Earth • Physical properties of its layers: • Temperature, density and ability to flow( viscosity)

  7. Five main physical layers • Lithosphere • Asthenosphere • Mesosphere • Outer core • Inner core

  8. Lithosphere • The crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle. • Divided into pieces called the plates.

  9. Asthenosphere • Soft layer on which the plates move. • Solid rock, flow very slowly.

  10. Mesosphere • Strong lower part of the mantle

  11. Outer core • Liquid layer- slowly circulates • Electrical currents within it generate the Earth’s magnetic field. • Every 100,000years or so, the magnetic field reverses itself.

  12. Inner Core • Solid, dense center • Temperature around 7,232 degrees F. • Scientist know this by recreating pressures like that of the core.

  13. Earthquakes • Give us the answers through seismic waves or vibrations. They travel through the Earth at different speeds. • For examples- Seismic wave through rock travels faster than through liquid. • Seismographs measure the times at which different waves arrive, and record the speed.

  14. Earthquake waves

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