Reconfigurable Computing: Applications in Plant ADC Controller and SDR Systems

1. Reconfigurable Computing Dr. Christophe Bobda CSCE Department University of Arkansas

2. Chapter 05 Applications (cont)

3. Plant DAC ADC Controller tc t k k+1 k+2 T 4. Mechanical Control – Basics • Controller task is to influence the dynamic behavior of a plant • Inputs values for the plant depends on plant's outputs (Feedbacks) • A Plant is modeled as linear time invariant (LTI)-System • Controller is modeled as LTI-System • Time discretization • Scaling to fix-point • k, k+1, k+2 …sample points • T… sample period • tc… calculation time of controller reference value

4. U: Controller input, x: State, y: Output A, B, C, D: Constant coefficient matrices combine A,B,C,D to M, represent computation asset of scalar products of each row of M with v combine A,B,C,D to M, represent computation asset of scalar products of each row of M with v 4. Basics

5. 20 2-1 2-2 2-3 … 2-(w-1) 4. DA-Implementation Scalar product:const. vec. a and var. vec. x xias w-bit fix-point (here x just unsigned in [0,2[ ) replace (2) in (1), swap the sums since xij is in {0,1} right sum can have just 2n values pre-compute it and store it in a 2n x w ROM as LUT

6. 4. Multi controller system • Many controller modules optimized for different operating regimes • Controllers have different structures not only different coefficients • Supervisor observes plant and determines best controller module • Multiplexer switches controller outputs

7. 4. Multi controller system – Use of reconfiguration • One slot solution

8. 4. Multi controller system – Use of reconfiguration Two-slot implementation One slot implementation

9. Reconfigurable Module Slot (Controller Module) Fix Module Slot (Supervisor) Bus Macros 4. Multi controller system – Use of reconfiguration

10. 5. Adaptive Cryptosystems • Sensitive data exchange is always coupled with the security issue • Cryptography provides a means to allow a secure data exchange • large variety of standards and protocols • Triple-DES, Advanced Encryption Standard(AES), • Data Encryption Standard (DES), RSA, • OpenPGP, CipherSaber, • IPsec, Blowfish, and RC6 • Large variety of algorithm within standard • Key length • Operation basis • Multiplication algorithms

11. 5. Adaptive Cryptosystems • Benefit of reconfiguration • Flexibility: possibility to used to switch from one algorithm to the next one at run-time according to • The degree of security, • The computational speed • the power consumption • Performance • Ecplout the inherent parallelism within applications • Efficient computation of Boolean functions • Large throughput and a cost efficiency • Adaptivity: • Remove brocken algorithms • Insert new standards

12. 5. Adaptive Cryptosystems • System architecture

13. 6. Software Defined Radio • Term coined by Mitola in 1992 • A radio communication system that use software to modulate and demodulate radio signals • Military: Project SPEAKeasy involving the DARPA, AIR FORCE/AFRL, ARMY/CECOM, NAVY/NRaD/SPAWAR, NSA • Goal: • move the analog-digital signal conversion as closer as possible to antenna process the digital signal in software rather than using a set of dedicated hardware components • Advantages • Flexibility: efficient shift of technology and resources • Adaptability: faster migration towards new standards and technologies through programmability and reconfiguration • Sustainability: increase resource utilization through generic hardware platforms • Reduced Ownership Costs: reduce infrastructure, lower maintenance cost, easier deployment

14. 6. Software Defined Radio • Architecture • Reconfigurable devices provide the best prerequisites for realizing SDR-Systems