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SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT. Creative representation of the essential question with written artist statement (water color painting, song, sculpture, photography, Poetry Alive!). F. SCOTT FITZGERALD. COMPARING THE JAZZ AGE TO THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY. WEST EGG AND EAST EGG. What areas in our city
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SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT • Creative representation of the essential question with written artist statement (water color painting, song, sculpture, photography, Poetry Alive!)
F. SCOTT FITZGERALD COMPARING THE JAZZ AGE TO THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
WEST EGG AND EAST EGG What areas in our city would be considered similar to West Egg and East Egg?
Character Map • Your next job is to create a character map of the characters in Gatsby so far. • Start by placing the characters in boxes with an explanation of them. • Now create arrows to the people they connect with. • Write how the people are connected above the arrows.
Four Theories of Gatsby • Modernism • Psychoanalysis • Marxism • Feminism • Ways of looking at society in the time the story was written
Modernism’s Characteristics • Fragmentation – Many modernist works are not in the typical linear sequence. • Loss is a huge theme in modernist works. • The destruction of the family unit. • Anything that was considered old fashioned is not OK. New is superior, preferred. • Greed, lies and distrust are overall themes.
The “truth” is questionable, as a common theme, and thus, you cannot always trust the narrator to tell the truth, whereas in traditional literature it is the narrator’s job to make the reader understand what’s going on. Also, there may be more than one narrator, showing the diversity of truth. • Characters may be given little or no physical description, and one or more characters is usually an "outcast.“ • Authority figures are often untrustworthy, reflecting the question of truth.
Psychoanalytic Criticism • Unconscious • Defenses • Dreams • Death • Sexuality
The Unconscious • Repetition of destructive behavior reveals some psychological difficulty • The “unconscious” is a storehouse for painful experiences • We repress painful psychological experiences by expunging them from our conscious • Oedipal conflict
The Defenses • Our unconscious desire not to recognize or change our destructive behavior • Selective perception • Denial • Avoidance • Displacement • Projection • Regression • Fear of intimacy
Dreams • Dream Displacement • Using a “safe” substitute to stand for something more threatening • Dream Condensation • A single dream image represents many conflicts • Analyze the dream and discover what is being worked out in your mind.
Death • Freud: death as biological drive, death drive or thanatos • Fear of death: fear of ultimate abandonment or fear of being alone • Responsible for fear of intimacy
Sexuality • Product of culture (normal, abnormal) • Superego: cultural taboos-angel • Id: psychological reservoir of our instincts-devil • Libido: sexual energy-present since infancy
Marxist Criticism • Refers to socioeconomic class • Economic power is motive behind social and political activities • Differences in socioeconomic class divide people more than religion, race, ethnicity, or gender • People at the top of the social scale are naturally superior
Marxist Theory • The fight to rise to the top – The American Dream • Patriotism • Religion • Rugged individualism • Consumerism
Marxist Theory • Capitalization • Commodification - exchange value • Imperialism • colonization • Valley of Ashes residents versus the East Egg residents (West egg= Nick and Gatsby)
Feminist Criticism • Examines the way literature reinforces or undermines the economic, political, social, and psychological oppression of women
Feminist Criticism • The habit of “seeing” • A way of looking at life that uses male experiences by which experiences of both genders are evaluated (inclusive “he”) • Patriarchy promotes belief that women are innately inferior to men • Social programming for failure • “good” girl/”bad” girl
Feminist Criticism • How are both psycholanalysis and Marxist theories patriarchal?
Critical Theories-save for the end, after choosing a theory • In small groups discuss how The Great Gatsby can be understood through each critical theory • Myrtle Wilson, Tom Buchanan’s mistress, is someone who is “hidden” from his upper class friends • What Daisy wants doesn’t matter • Gatsby really sees Daisy as a “mother figure”