Safety Laws and Your Company

1. Safety Laws and Your Company Joe Nail Industrial Safety Lecture One

2. Introduction • Responsibility for Safety In short, your employer/company, by law, is responsible for ensuring that the place in which you work is healthy and safe. OSHA is the administrative arm of the Department of Labor that enforces the regulations that make your workplace safe and healthy. Industrial Safety Lecture One

3. Your Company’s Safety Program • Safety Committees • Groups made up of company officials or administrators and employees or employee representatives such as union stewards. • New Employee Orientation • This includes a walk around and safety training to begin work and must include HAZCOM. • Bulletin Boards • Safety rules, standards and, procedures. Safety related information such as the Accident and Injuries log. • Training • Anything from lift truck operation to using a fire extinguisher. • Incentive Programs • A form of award granted for safe work practices. Industrial Safety Lecture One

4. Specialized Definitions • Accident: “Unexpected” event that can result in injury, illness or property damage. Hazard: A “condition” that has the potential to cause an accident. These terms are important to understand as they help employers and employees to assess dangers and prevent accidents. Industrial Safety Lecture One

5. UNSAFE ACTS AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS • Undesirable Behaviors or Acts that can be modified • Undesirable situations or conditions • Repeated “acts”: 300/1 Ratio The broad bottom of the pyramid illustrates that there are far more “close calls” and “near missies” than there are serious injuries, therefore, it is critical to correct the situations that result in close calls and prevent them from becoming worse. Industrial Safety Lecture One

6. Introduction Continued • Examples: UNSAFE CONDITIONS(Hazards) that cannot be eliminated. High pressure gases and liquids Rotating and Power Transmitting Equipment Electrical Sources Industrial Safety Lecture One

7. Introduction Continued • RECOGNIZING HAZARDS • Hazards or Environmental Stressors can be categorized as: • CHEMICAL • MECHANICAL • ENVIRONMENTAL • ELECTRICAL • BIOLOGICAL • Ergonomic Industrial Safety Lecture One

8. Introduction Continued • HEALTH HAZARDS Toxic Substances: Any substance which has a negative affect on the health of a human or animal. Injection Engineering controls must protect against toxic substances entering through one of four routes. Industrial Safety Lecture One

9. TYPE OF ACCIDENTS(For record keeping and reporting purposes.) • Caught between • Caught In • Caught On • Fall from Above • Struck By • Struck Against • Contacted By • Exposed To • Strain or Overexertion Industrial Safety Lecture One

10. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION • A necessary technique for the prevention of recurring or future accidents. • A tool for “fact” finding, not “fault” finding. • Must be used in a timely manner. • Must be used to record “incidents” and Accidents. • Information is used to compile statistics. Industrial Safety Lecture One

11. HANDILING EMERGENCIES • How do we handle emergencies? Emergency procedure plans are engineered for all potential threats of the job. Examples include: Hazardous material spill, Fires, Explosions, Release of dangerous gases and, medical emergencies. Industrial Safety Lecture One

12. SAFETY OFF THE JOB • Statistics Show: Your Job is 3rd Your home is 2nd Your Car is #1 Industrial Safety Lecture One

13. OSH-Act 1970 • http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=OSHACT&p_id=2743 • 14000 Deaths Each Year. • 2.5 Million Workers Were Disabled. • 300,000 new cases of occupational diseases. • http://www.labor.ky.gov/osh/index.htm Before OSHA: Industrial Safety Lecture One

14. Work Fatalities Industrial Safety Lecture One

15. Ratio of Workers Killed per 100k Industrial Safety Lecture One

16. State Fatality Totals Industrial Safety Lecture One

17. Fatalities by Type Industrial Safety Lecture One

18. Fatal Injuries by Industry Industrial Safety Lecture One

19. Safety Laws • OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION The Occupational Safety and Health Act was signed into law on December 29, 1970, by President Nixon. OSHA’S Authority and Mission Encourage employers and Employees to reduce hazards. Set standards that must be used on the job Provide for reporting of death, illness and, injury on the job Improve existing programs Establish employee and employer responsibilities. Enforce regulations with legal action Industrial Safety Lecture One

20. Jurisdiction The OSH Act applies to most any employer even if they have only one employee. This includes all employers from manufacturing and construction to retail and service with no emption for small business except that if they have fewer than ten employees, they are exempted from inspections and maintaining a “illness and Injuries Log.” The OSH Act does not cover people who are self employed, working on a family farm, Federal Agencies, State and local government or, coal mines. Industrial Safety Lecture One

21. EMPLOYEE RIGHTS and ENFORCEMENT of OSHA STANDARDS • Employees may request and inspection. • Employees may speak in private with an inspector. • Employees may walk around with the inspector. • Employees have the right to file a complaint if they feel their OSHA rights have been violated. Industrial Safety Lecture One

22. RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES RIGHTS INVOLVING ACCESS TO SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION Chemical Information Records of toxic or physical agents Notice of exposure Access to NIOSH studies Review of the OSHA 200 log of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Industrial Safety Lecture One

23. RIGHTS OF EMPLOYERS • Employers may help to develop standards. • Employers may require inspectors to identify themselves. • Employers may contest the result of an inspection. They have 15 days. • Employers have a right to conference before and after. • Employers have the right to request the inspector provide a warrant. Industrial Safety Lecture One

24. RIGHTS INVOLVING OSHA STANDARDS • As an employee you have the right to: Access of all standards Appearance at hearings Notice of employer request for variance Notice of employer OSHA violations Industrial Safety Lecture One

25. OSHA STANDARDS • National Consensus Standards • Pre-Established Federal Standards OSHA can adopt, amend or revise any of it’s standards. Before OSHA acts, they must publish their intentions in the Federal Register. After they publish a notice, OSHA must conduct a public hearing if one is requested. Any interested party may request a hearing. http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/video/oshastandards/video.html Industrial Safety Lecture One

26. INSPECTIONS BY OSHA There are over 6 million places of work in the US and no way for OSHA to inspect all of them. Some are random but most are by request. Written complaints must be signed, explain the problem clearly and, sent to the local OSHA director or the CSHO. In order for our national safety system to be effective, everyone must take it seriously. For more information see: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/video/oshainspection/hb.asx http://www.cicacenter.org/oshatool.cfm?st=KY Industrial Safety Lecture One

27. Safety Laws Continued • TAKING IMMEDIATE ACTION If , after reporting a dangerous situation to your supervisor, the problem remains uncorrected, by law, you do not have to do it. To ensure your employment to the greatest degree you should make two attempts in good faith to resolve the problem and make sure that another reasonable employee has also examined the situation and will back you up. Industrial Safety Lecture One

28. Safety Laws Continued RECORDS AND REPORTS • CITATIONS OSHA poster Recordkeeping-10 or more employees Form3165 This poster must be placed in a “conspicuous” location where all employees may read it. Industrial Safety Lecture One

29. Safety Laws: More Information • SAFETY PERFORMANCE /SAFETY STATISTICS – to compare with other related industry • OSHA AND YOUR JOB • Citations and Penalties. • OSHA’S HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD • November 1983 • All hazardous chemicals made known to employees. • 25,000 citations in 1990. Industrial Safety Lecture One

30. Hazards in General • Nature of Hazards. • Physical • Health • MSDS: A. CHEMICAL IDENTIY B. HAZARDOUS INFORMATION AND INGREDIENTS C. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES     D. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA E. REACTIVITY INFORMATION F. HEALTH HAZARD DATA G. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS H. CONTROL MEASURES Industrial Safety Lecture One

31. NIOSH • 1. TECHNICAL INFO • 2. HAZARD EVALUATION • 3. ACCIDENT PREVENTION • 4. RESEARCH • EPA and OSHA Industrial Safety Lecture One

32. REVIEW • 1. What is the purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Act? • 2. Can OSHA enforce its rules on employees? • 3. What are the three main groups into which OSHA standards are divided? • 4. Should you be fired for exercising yours rights under OSHA? • 5. If you recognize a serious hazard on the job, what should you do first? • 6. What will happen if an OSHA inspection reveals a violation? • 7. How many employees does it take for a employer to be required to maintain records of injuries? • 8. What is and what is the purpose of HAZCOM? • 9. What is an MSDS? • 10. What are the two main types of chemical hazards? • 11. Who is responsible for your safety on the job? • 12. What is the definition of an accident? • 13. What should you do if you see an unsafe condition in your work place? • 14 .What is a hazard? • 15. What are the four main types of hazards? • 16. What are the three ways the toxic substances enter the body? • 17. What parts of the body are affected most by repetitive motion injuries? • 18. What is a near miss? • 19. What is the purpose of an accident investigation? • 20. Which is more dangerous, your workplace or your car? Industrial Safety Lecture One