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Component Overview

Component Overview. CNET1101. The Computer's Primary Jobs. Moving Information How the information handled How much is moved around, and How quickly and efficiently it can be done. Information Processing (Computation).

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Component Overview

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  1. Component Overview CNET1101

  2. The Computer's Primary Jobs • Moving Information • How the information handled • How much is moved around, and • How quickly and efficiently it can be done

  3. Information Processing (Computation) • Information transformation--changing information from one form to another • instructions. These are the commands that programmers give the computer to tell it what to do • The processor

  4. Memory • RAM—Random Access Memory • Working memory • Feeds the processor at a high rate of speed • Goes away when the machine is shut off • Short term memory

  5. Long-term storage • Hard disk drive, floppy drive and other devices • Information is stored permanently in the form of files, ready for you to retrieve when you need it • The computer loads the instructions that are stored on the hard disk that tell the computer how to run it, from long-term storage (your hard disk) into short-term memory.

  6. Input/Output or I/O • The computer also controls the movement of information from place to place. It reads the information you type on the keyboard, moves it into memory and eventually displays it on the screen or stores it in a file

  7. Moving information between machines is also an important part of modern computing. The computer uses networking components, modems and cables to allow it to communicate with other machines. This is often called, unsurprisingly, communications

  8. How the Computer Computes • Computers use a form of digital information called binary information • The information is restricted to only two values: one or zero.

  9. Why binary? • Simplicity: The simplest, way to express information about something: for example, zero=off and one=on could be used to represent the status of a regular light bulb. • Expandability: You can use two binary values together to represent the status of two light bulbs.

  10. System Components • System Case • Power • Motherboard and System Devices • Motherboard • System Chipset and Controllers • System Buses • BIOS • Cache

  11. System Resources • Interrupts (IRQs): • Direct Memory Access (DMA) Channels: • Input/Output (I/O) Addresses • Memory Addresses

  12. The Processor • System Memory • Video Cards • Monitors • Hard Disk Drives

  13. Floppy Disk Drives • CD-ROM Drives • Peripheral I/O • Serial Communications • Parallel Communications: • Keyboards • Mouse

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