260 likes | 410 Views
C ulture and the Individual. Culture, Anthropology and Psychology. Disciplines. Anthropology Culture and Personality Psychological Anthropology Psychology Cross-Cultural Psychology Education Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary Cultural Psychology. Key Terminology.
E N D
Culture and the Individual Culture, Anthropology and Psychology
Disciplines • Anthropology Culture and Personality Psychological Anthropology • Psychology Cross-Cultural Psychology • Education • Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary Cultural Psychology
Key Terminology • Culture • Personality • Society • Biology • Ecology • Diversity • Universal traits • Culture Specific Traits
Culture • Abstract • Learned • Shared • Rules/Standards/Templates • Generating Behavior • Understanding experience
Culture Culture is the abstract, learned, shared rules/standards/templates used to generate behavior and to interpret experience.
Personality • Characteristics of individuals • Genetics • Socialization • Enculturation • Life experience • Ongoing interaction
Personality • Personality is the characteristics of an individual arising from the ongoing interaction of genetics, socialization, enculturation and life experience.
Society A group of people using a shared culture
Biology • Anatomy • Physiology • Genetics
Epigenetics • Epigenetics • Environmental on/off switches • Regulatory Genes vs Structural Genes • Environmental learning • Imprinting
Ecology • Environment • Subsistence strategy • Subsistence technology
Diversity Terminology • Race • Ethnicity • Cross Cultural • Cross Ethnic (Multicultural) • Cross National • First, Second, Third World • Developed, Developing • Traditional, Modern • Peripheral, Core
Race An arbitrary social category used for purposes of discrimination. Ethnicity A group with which one chooses to identify on the basis of shared ancestry or heritage.
Universal Traits Traits that all humans have Culture Specific Traits Traits that only occur in a particular culture or particular type of culture
Key Terminology • Absolutism • Relativism • Ethnocentrism • Cultural Relativism • Reductionist • Determinist
Absolutism Belief that things are what they are without regard for their context/environment. Relativism Belief that things differ depending on the context/environment in which they are found/grow/develop.
Ethnocentrism Judging another culture using your own culture’s rules and standards. Cultural Relativism Judging another culture using its own rules and standard’s.
Reductionist Trying to explain complex phenomena using single, simple explanations. Eg. Determinism
Determinism • Environmental Determinism • Economic Determinism • Ecological Determinism • Sociopolitical Determinism • Biological Determinism
Levels of Analysis • Population Level • Community • Family • Individual level • Socialization • Enculturation • Acculturation
Socialization The process of learning when content is consciously taught by others within the society. Enculturation The process of absorbing the culture(s) in which an individual is raised.
Acculturation The process of acquiring a culture other than the one in which an individual was raised.
Processes in the Individual • Ontogeny • Perception • Emotion • Cognition • Learning
Ontogeny The process of growth and development in an individual organism Perception The process of detecting and interpreting stimuli from the outside world
Emotion The conscious experience of a feeling or state which leads to both internal and external reactions Cognition Thought processes
Learning The process of acquiring and storing information