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OFF-ROAD SPARK-IGNITED ENGINE CERTIFICATION SECTION (OFSEC)

OFF-ROAD SPARK-IGNITED ENGINE CERTIFICATION SECTION (OFSEC). Kumar Muthukumar June 7, 2012. New Vehicle/Engine Programs Branch Organization Chart. Mobile Source Operations Division. OFSEC Section Responsibilities. N ew Off-Road Spark-Ignited Engines/Equipment Certification Audit.

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OFF-ROAD SPARK-IGNITED ENGINE CERTIFICATION SECTION (OFSEC)

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  1. OFF-ROAD SPARK-IGNITED ENGINE CERTIFICATION SECTION (OFSEC) Kumar Muthukumar June 7, 2012

  2. New Vehicle/Engine Programs BranchOrganization Chart • Mobile Source Operations Division

  3. OFSEC SectionResponsibilities • New Off-Road Spark-Ignited Engines/Equipment • Certification • Audit

  4. OFSEC SectionWhat do we Certify? • Off-Road Spark-Ignited Engines/Equipment • Small Engines (≤ 19 kW) • Large Engines (> 19 kW) • Recreational Marine • Exhaust Emissions(g/kW-hr) • HC+NOx, CO, PM • Evaporative Emissions • Diurnal, Running Loss, Fuel Cap

  5. Small Spark-Ignited Engines (SSIE) • Typical Applications: • Chainsaws • Backpack Blowers • Pressure Washers • Lawnmowers

  6. Large Spark-Ignited Engines (LSIE) • Typical Applications: • Turf Care • Forklifts • Generators • Tractors

  7. Spark-Ignited Marine Engines (SIME) • Typical Applications: • Personal Watercraft • Jet Boats • Sterndrive/Inboard • Outboards

  8. Spark-Ignited Engine Certification • How do you know if new engines/equipment will meet California’s emission standards? • CERTIFY THEM! • Does it meet emissions standards? • Label • Warranty • Tamper-resistance • Will it be durable? • Certification is required before products can be legally sold in California

  9. Growth in Spark-Ignited Engine Certifications LSIE Evap Financial Crisis SSIE Evap LSIE (2001-2004) PWC/OB SDI

  10. Off-Road Certification Database

  11. Today’s Focus Engine Tampering: How Certification Addresses this Problem

  12. Engine TamperingHow Certification addresses this problem • Tampering with engines prevalent • Consumers tend to tamper with engines because: • Simple to adjust with ordinary tools • Perceived performance benefits • Human nature! • Emission impacts of tampering significant • To remedy this problem, California regulations require adjustable parameters to be tamper-resistant

  13. Engine Tampering

  14. Adjustable Parameters • Definition: any device, system, or element of design which is physically capable of being adjusted, and which, if adjusted, may affect emissions or engine performance • Example: carburetor air/fuel mixture screws (idle & WOT) • Two design types: • Limited Range of Adjustment • Tamper Resistance Method (TRM)

  15. Adjustable ParametersEquipped with Range of Adjustment L-screw limited to 315o • Example: carburetor air/fuel mixture screw (rich to lean setting) • Engine must meet emission standards at any setting • Manufacturer may be required to test at any point in the range of adjustment (rich/lean) H-screw limited to 270o

  16. Adjustable ParametersEquipped with Tamper Resistance Method • Tamper resistant, not tamper proof (Common sense approach) • 40 CFR 90.112b: Not considered adjustable if: • permanently sealed by manufacturer • not normally accessible using ordinary tools • Examples of tamper resistance methods: • Limiter Caps • Breakoff Screws • Metal Plugs • Adjustable using special tools • Inaccessible due to parameter recessed in engine housing

  17. TRM Example: Limiter Cap Limiter Cap Limiter Cap

  18. TRM Example: Break-off Screw Break-off Screw

  19. TRM Example: Metal Plug Metal Plug

  20. TRM Example: Special Tool/Screw Special Screw Special Tool

  21. TRM Example:Inaccessible Adjustable Parameter Adjustable parameter recessed in chainsaw’s engine housing

  22. Adjustable ParametersTRM Evaluation • Staff tests tamper resistance as a part of certification • Commonly available tools, e.g. pliers, screwdrivers, hammer • Testing done in less than 30 minutes • No damage to carburetor or engine • At least two staff participate

  23. Special Tool TRMFails Evaluation

  24. TRM Evaluation

  25. OFSEC SectionResponsibilities • New Off-Road Spark-Ignited Engines/Equipment • Certification • Audit

  26. Audit Program • How do you make sure that the manufacturers produce engines/equipment like the ones they certified? • AUDIT THEM! • New Engine (Title 13) Audit testing at ARB or manufacturer’s facilities • Production line reports • Assembly-line inspections

  27. Title 13 AuditNew Engine Compliance Testing • Staff visits manufacturer facilities to verify compliance with emission standards and regulations. • On-site emission testing • Assembly-line inspection • Verify part numbers, label, warranty, and tamper resistance method

  28. Title 13 AuditNew Engine Compliance Testing

  29. OFSEC Links • SSIE http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/offroad/sore/sorectp/sorectp.htm • LSIE http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/offroad/lsi/lsictp/lsictp.htm • SIME http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/offroad/recmarine/marinectp/marinectp.htm • Off-Road Certification Database http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/offroad/cert/cert.php

  30. OFSEC SectionTeam Members • Joseph Jegede • Geeta Osborn • Alan Chow • Kevin Curley • Michael Lin • Janie Han-Luu • Byron Ng • Sophia Mahmood • David Pino • Sean Holmes (Student) • Gileyn Bernal (Student)

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