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CHEM LESSON 3

CHEM LESSON 3. ATOMS AND ELEMENTS. DO-NOW. What are the three parts of an atom called?. Atoms and Elements. Each element consists of atoms that differ from the atoms of other elements. An element can be identified by the number of protons in the nucleus. . Atoms and Elements.

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CHEM LESSON 3

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  1. CHEM LESSON 3 ATOMS AND ELEMENTS

  2. DO-NOW • What are the three parts of an atom called?

  3. Atoms and Elements • Each element consists of atoms that differ from the atoms of other elements. • An element can be identified by the number of protons in the nucleus.

  4. Atoms and Elements • In the nucleus of the atom, the protons and neutrons are held together by a strong force

  5. Atoms and Elements • Every atom of an element as the same number of protons. We call this the atomic number. • For example, every atom of carbon has 6 protons

  6. Atoms and Elements • Atomic Number is the number of protons in the nucleus for each element. • Oxygen’s atomic number is 8, Iron’s atomic number is 26.

  7. Atoms and Elements • The Atomic Mass is the average mass of an atom for that specific element • Example: Oxygen’s atomic mass is 15.99 and Iron’s atomic mass is 55.847

  8. Atoms and Elements • The atomic mass, atomic number, and the chemical symbol are all organized into a square for each element on the periodic table.

  9. Atoms and Elements • Atomic Number • Chemical Symbol • Element • Atomic Mass

  10. Atoms and Elements • Electrons are found in an electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.

  11. Atoms and Elements • Electrons are arranged on shells. Shells are the different energy levels on which electrons are found

  12. Electron Shells • The inner most shell can only hold 2 Electrons • The second shell can hold 8 Electrons • The third shell can hold 8 Electrons

  13. Periodic Table • The Periodic Table is how scientists have organized all of the elements.

  14. Periods • Each row is called a “period” • The elements in each period have the same number of shells • 1st period: 1 shell • 2nd period: 2 shells • 3rd period: 3 shells • 4th period: 4 shells

  15. • Each column is called a “group” • Each element in a group has the same number of valence electrons • Valence electrons are electrons in the outer shell Groups 1, 2 8 3,4,5,6,7 • Group 1: 1 Electron • Group 2: 2 Electrons • Group 3: 3 Electrons • Group 4: 4 Electrons • Ect. All the way up to group 8: 8 electrons.

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