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Catalyst

Catalyst. 1. Draw a free body diagram for a box sliding down a hill. 2. What is the one requirement for an object to be in static equilibrium? 3. On larger planets, weight ___________ while mass _____________. (increases, decreases, stays the same)

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Catalyst

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  1. Catalyst • 1. Draw a free body diagram for a box sliding down a hill. • 2. What is the one requirement for an object to be in static equilibrium? • 3. On larger planets, weight ___________ while mass _____________. (increases, decreases, stays the same) • 4. On planet X, a 30 kg dolphin weighs 100 Newtons. What is the gravity of planet X? • 5. Is planet X larger or smaller than Earth?

  2. Catalyst • Use your periodic table! • 1. What family is Chlorine (Cl) in? • 2. What group and period is Cl in? • 3. What orbital (2s, 4p, etc.) is Cl in? • 4. Write the orbital configuration (arrows and boxes) for Cl. • 5. Would Cl have a higher or lower electronegativity than Li? • 6. Would Cl have a larger or smaller atomic size than Li?

  3. Exit Slip • 1. What element has the largest ionization energy? • Lithium • Carbon • Nitrogen d. Neon 2. What element has the smallest electron affinity? • Potassium • Iron • Zinc d.Krypton

  4. Tomorrow’s Quiz • Orbital configuration (boxes and arrows) • Identifying orbitals • Groups and periods • Families • Periodic table trends (from yesterday and today)

  5. Catalyst • 1. Which atom has the smaller atomic size, Br or K? • 2. Which atom is more electronegative, Ra or Be? • 3. Lithium has a _______ atomic size and a ________ electronegativity than Flourine. • (larger or smaller?)

  6. Exit Slip • 1. What element has the largest atomic radius? • Flourine • Hydrogen • Radon d.Caesium 2. What element has the largest electronegativity? • Flourine • Hydrogen • Radon d.Caesium

  7. BY THE END OF TODAY • You should be able to answer this question: • Sodium (Na) has a ______ ionization energy and a ______ electron affinity compared to Fluorine (F). • A. larger; larger B. larger; smaller • C. smaller; smaller D. smaller; larger

  8. Today’s Agenda

  9. What is Ionization Energy? • Ionization Energy: the amount of energy it takes to REMOVE an electron from an atom • Fe  Fe+ + e-

  10. Which of these atoms would it be HARDEST (most energy required) to remove an electron from? (Think of the mother with her child on the leash.) Why? WHY?

  11. It would be hardest to remove an electron from Neon. Look how close the electrons are to the nucleus! This means that Lithium would have the lowest ionization energy. It would be easiest to remove an electron from Lithium.

  12. Think Back… • Did atomic size (radius) increase or decrease as you move down a group? • As atomic size increases, does it get harder or easier to remove an electron?

  13. The Trend • Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group, and increases as you move left to right across a period • Is this the same or opposite as atomic size?

  14. Let’s think about Fat Francium… • Would it be hard to steal an electron from Fat Francium? • Does this mean it has a high or low ionization energy? • Anything that is closer to Fat Francium has a lower ionization energy.

  15. Ionization Energy • Which has a higher ionization energy: • Cs or Rn? • Be or Ra?

  16. Practice Problems Level 2 • Write and answer in your notes • Rank the following elements in order of increasing ionization energy based on location on the periodic table (smallest to biggest) • Fr, Zn, S, Au Fr, Au, Zn, S

  17. Today’s Agenda

  18. What is electron affinity? • Electron Affinity is the amount of energy released as an electron is added to an element • Fe + e- Fe-

  19. The Trend • Electron affinity decreases as you move down a group, and increases as you move left to right across a period

  20. Electron Affinity Trends

  21. Let’s think about Fat Francium… • Would Fat Francium want you to give him another electron to take care of? • Does this mean it has a high or low electron affinity? • Anything that is closer to Fat Francium has a lower electron affinity.

  22. Electron Affinity • Which has a higher electron affinity: • K or Kr? • N or Bi?

  23. Practice Problems Level 2 • Write and answer in your notes • Rank the following elements in order of increasing electron affinity based on location on the periodic table (smallest to biggest) • Fr, Zn, S, Au Fr, Au, Zn, S

  24. How is electron affinity related to ionization energy? Ionization energy is directly related to electron affinity. (The arrows are the same.) ELECTRON AFFINITY As electron affinity increases, ionization energy increases! IONIZATION ENERGY

  25. Trends Summary • Electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity arrows all point in the same direction! • Atomic size (radius) is the only one that’s different!

  26. Practice Problem Level 3 • Boron (B) has a ______ ionization energy and a ______ electron affinity compared to Oxygen (O). • A. larger; larger B. larger; smaller • C. smaller; smaller D. smaller; larger

  27. GUESS WHO!? Clues will appear every 10 seconds The answer will either be a family in the periodic table, or a specific element The first person to RAISE THEIR HAND and provide the correct answer will receive a piece of candy

  28. GUESS WHO!? I am a member of the alkali metal family

  29. GUESS WHO!? I am a member of the alkali metal family I did not have the most violent reaction with water

  30. GUESS WHO!? I am a member of the alkali metal family I did not have the most violent reaction with water I am located in period 4

  31. GUESS WHO!? I am a member of the alkali metal family I did not have the most violent reaction with water I am located in period 4 WHO AM I?

  32. GUESS WHO!? I am a member of the alkali metal family I did not have the most violent reaction with water I am located in period 4 WHO AM I? POTASSIUM

  33. GUESS WHO!? My family is highly reactive

  34. GUESS WHO!? My family is highly reactive My family is totally metallic

  35. GUESS WHO!? My family is highly reactive My family is totally metallic My family reacts mostly with the halogens

  36. GUESS WHO!? My family is highly reactive My family is totally metallic My family reacts mostly with the halogens WHO AM I?

  37. GUESS WHO!? My family is highly reactive My family is totally metallic My family reacts mostly with the halogens WHO AM I? ALKALI METALS

  38. GUESS WHO!? I am a nonmetal

  39. GUESS WHO!? I am a nonmetal I am poisonous

  40. GUESS WHO!? I am a nonmetal I am poisonous My atomic number = the number of protons Boron (B) has + the number of protons Neon (Ne) has

  41. GUESS WHO!? I am a nonmetal I am poisonous My atomic number = the number of protons Boron (B) has + the number of protons Neon (Ne) has WHO AM I?

  42. GUESS WHO!? I am a nonmetal I am poisonous My atomic number = the number of protons Boron (B) has + the number of protons Neon (Ne) has WHO AM I? PHOSPHOROUS

  43. GUESS WHO!? I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies

  44. GUESS WHO!? I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies I am mostly non-metals

  45. GUESS WHO!? I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies I am mostly non-metals My family was named after our main star – the stuff we breathe in

  46. GUESS WHO!? I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies I am mostly non-metals My family was named after our main star – the stuff we breathe in WHO AM I?

  47. GUESS WHO!? I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies I am mostly non-metals My family was named after our main star – the stuff we breathe in WHO AM I? OXYGEN FAMILY

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