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ACOS OBJ 6.1) Identifying functions of the skeletal system.

ACOS OBJ 6.1) Identifying functions of the skeletal system. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKMFwAF_6Z0. Composed of 206 Bones Bones- Organs of the Skeletal System Provide points of attachment for muscles, Protect & Support softer tissues House blood-producing cells Store inorganic salts

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ACOS OBJ 6.1) Identifying functions of the skeletal system.

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  1. ACOS OBJ 6.1) Identifying functions of the skeletal system.

  2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKMFwAF_6Z0

  3. Composed of 206 Bones • Bones- Organs of the Skeletal System • Provide points of attachment for muscles, • Protect & Support softer tissues • House blood-producing cells • Store inorganic salts • Contain passageways for blood vessels and nerves.

  4. What are Bones Made Of? • Bones are made of several different things: • Bone Tissue • Cartilage • Dense connective tissue • Blood • Nervous Tissue

  5. Osteocytes • Bone Cells • Transport nutrients & wastes to and from nearby cells. • Extracellular Matrix of bone tissue is largely composed of collagen & inorganic salts • - collagen= strength & resilience • - inorganic salts= cause bone to be hard and resistant to crushing.

  6. Processes- Bony projections that provide sites for ligaments & tendons to attach. • Grooves & Openings- Form passageways for blood vessels & nerves.

  7. Epiphysis- located at the end of bone. Forms a joint with another bone. • Articular Cartilage: hyaline cartilage located on outer surface of epiphysis. (Articulating Portion) -Diaphysis- Shaft of the bone located between the epiphyses.

  8. Periosteum- Tough, vascular covering of fibrous tissue that completely encloses the bone. Helps to form and repair bone tissue. • Medullary Cavity- Semi rigid tube with a hollow chamber. • Formed by compact bone • Lined with a thin layer of bone forming cells= endosteum • Filled with soft connective tissue known as marrow.

  9. 1. Compact Bone= Composes wall of diaphysis. • Tightly packed • NO Gaps • Resists Bending

  10. 2. Spongy Bone • Found in Epiphyses beneath a layer of thin compact bone. • Helps to reduce the bone’s weight

  11. Red Marrow= Functions in the formation of Red blood cells(erythrocytes) , white blood cells(leukocytes), and blood platelets. • In an adult found in: skull, ribs, sternum, clavicles, vertebra, and hipbones. • Yellow Marrow= Replaces red marrow as we age. • Stores fat and is inactive in blood cell production.

  12. Bones can form 2 ways • 1. Intramembranous bones originate between sheet-like layers of connective tissues. EX: Flat bones of the skull • 2. Endochondral bones begin as masses of cartilage that bone tissue later replaces. Majority of bones in the skeletal system are endochondral. • Osteoblasts- Bone forming Cells • Osteoclasts- Break down calcified matrix.

  13. 1. Give shape to structures like the head, face, thorax, and limbs. • 2. Provide support & protection • EX: Bones of lower limbs, pelvis, & backbone support the body’s weight. • Bones of the skull protect eyes, ears, & brain. • Rib cage & shoulder girdle protect the heart and lungs.

  14. 3. Body Movement • 4. Blood Cell Formation (Hemopoiesis) • Blood cells are made in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. • Marrow is located in the medullary cavity, irregular spaces of spongy bone, & large canals of compact bone tissue.

  15. 5. Storage of inorganic salts • Intercellular matrix of bone tissue rich in calcium salts. • Calcium phosphate • VITAL metabolic processes require CALCIUM. • Blood clot formation • Nerve impulse conduction • Muscle cell contraction

  16. Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy& Physiology.

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