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Earth Systems 3209

Earth Systems 3209. Reference: Chapters 6, 8; Appendix A & B. Unit: 2 Historical Geology . Unit 2: Topic 2.3 . Interpreting Cross-Section Diagrams using Relative Dating Principles. Focus on . . .

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Earth Systems 3209

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  1. Earth Systems 3209 Reference: Chapters 6, 8; Appendix A & B Unit: 2Historical Geology

  2. Unit 2: Topic 2.3 Interpreting Cross-Section Diagrams using Relative Dating Principles Focus on . . . • demonstrating how relative dating principles and different geologic concepts can be used to determine the history of formation of sample rock sequences (cross-sections).

  3. Using Relative Dating Principles to Interpret Geologic Cross Sections Relative Dating Principles Include: Principle (Law) of Superposition Principleof Original Horizontality Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships Principle of Inclusions Unconformities- Angular Unconformity- Disconformity- Nonconformity Review Principles:

  4. Rock Symbols Granite xxxxxxx Contact Metamorphism Basalt

  5. Using Relative Dating Principles to Interpret Geologic Cross Sections

  6. Historical Walk Through a Cross Section • Common Questions Focus On: • Age of one rock unit compared to another. • Determine whether an igneous rock unit is intrusive or extrusive. • Identify folding and faulting in a cross section. • Identify crosscutting, igneous rock units and faults. • Identify contact metamorphism. • Identify the different unconformities. • List the rock layers from oldest to youngest.

  7. Example 1: Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow. List the geologic events, represented by letters A to K, from oldest to youngest. Oldest Youngest ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ KEY A Conglomerate B K Sandstone (ii) Which type of unconformity is represented by K? ________________________ C Shale G D Limestone F Coal Explain how you know which letter identifies the oldest igneous rock unit. ___________________________________ H Granite L Basalt E J

  8. Example 2: Determine whether rock unit “A” represents a buried lava flow or an igneous intrusion. Key:Contact Metamorphism XXXXXXXXXXX Buried lava flow would only have the contact metamorphism beneath the igneous rock unit. An igneous intrusion would have contact metamorphism both beneath and above the igneous rock unit. A

  9. Your Turn . . . Take the time and complete the following questions . . .(Solutions to follow) Questions: Use the diagram to answer questions (i) and (ii) Does A represent an intrusive feature orextrusive feature? Explain Arrange all letters in the order in which theyoccurred beginning with the oldest. Oldest Youngest ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___

  10. Solutions . . . Questions: (i) Does “A” represent an intrusive feature or extrusive feature? Explain Rock unit A represents an intrusive rock unit. The presence of contact metamorphism surrounding the entire igneous rock unit suggests that magma intruded the surrounding rock units where it baked (contact metamorphism) the rocks that it contacted.

  11. Solutions . . . Questions: Arrange all letters in the order in whichthey occurred beginning with the oldest. Oldest Youngest ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___ , ___

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