Sentences, Fragments and Run-Ons

1. Fundamentalsof Composition Sentences, Fragmentsand Run-Ons next exit

2. Sentence A sentence must havea subject and a verb andexpress a complete thought. previous next exit 9.2

3. There Are ManyTypes of Sentences • Simple • Compound • Complex previous next exit 9.3

4. Simple Sentences The lion isa magnificentanimal. previous next exit 9.4

5. Compound Sentences The witch mixedher special potion, and then, shecast her spell. previous next exit 9.5

6. Complex Sentences As Mr. Smith relaxed in his bathtub, the phone rang. previous next exit 9.6

7. Sentences withAdverb Clauses Although mysister likes carrots as a snack, I prefer cheesecake. previous next exit 9.7 (with build on next slide)

8. Sentences withAdverb Clauses Adverb Clause Although mysister likes carrots as a snack, I prefer cheesecake. previous next exit

9. Sentences withPresent Participle Phrases Rearing on its hind legs, the horse startled the cowboy. previous next exit 9.8 (with build on next slide)

10. Sentences withPresent Participle Phrases Present Participle Phrase Rearing on its hind legs, the horse startled the cowboy. previous next exit

11. Sentences withan Appositive My favorite floweris the sunflower,the state flowerof Kansas. previous next exit 9.9 (with build on next slide)

12. Sentences withan Appositive My favorite floweris the sunflower,the state flowerof Kansas. Appositive previous next exit

13. Sentences with aPast Participle Phrase Wrapped with a lovely bow and expensive paper, the gift was admired by everyone. previous next exit 9.10 (with build on next slide)

14. Sentences with aPast Participle Phrase Past Participle Phrase Wrapped with alovely bow and expensive paper, the gift was admired by everyone. previous next exit

15. Run-On Sentence A run-on sentence ismade up of two separatesentences run together withno clear break between them. previous next exit 9.11a, b

16. There Are TwoTypes of Run-Ons • Fused sentences • Commas splices previous next exit 9.12

17. Fused Sentence When there is no punctuationat all separating two complete statements, the run-on is calleda fused sentence. previous next exit 9.13

18. Fused Sentences Mother wascooking dinner she burned her hand. previous next exit 9.14

19. The first is to divide thefused sentence into twoseparate sentences. Mother was cooking dinner.She burned her hand. Mother was cooking dinner;she burned her hand. previous next exit 9.15

20. The second way to correcta fused sentence is to make it intoa compound sentence by addinga simple conjunction. and, but, so, or Mother was cooking dinner,and she burned her hand. previous next exit 9.16a, b, c

21. The third way is to usesubordination to make one ofthe complete thoughts dependent upon the other one. When mother was cooking,she burned her hand. previous next exit 9.17a, b

22. Comma Splice A comma splice occurs whena comma alone separates two complete thoughts. A stronger mark of punctuationis needed. previous next exit 9.17c

23. Comma Splice Cinderella wentto the ball, she lost her glass slipper. previous next exit 9.18

24. Corrections: Cinderella went to the ball.She lost her glass slipper. Cinderella went to the ball, andshe lost her glass slipper. When Cinderella went to the ball,she lost her glass slipper. previous next exit 9.19a, b, c

25. Fragments A fragment is anincomplete thought. It doesnot make sense by itself. previous next exit 9.20

26. Dependent-Clause Fragment When touristsvisit New York previous next exit 9.21

27. Dependent-Clause Fragment When touristsvisit New York,they want to see the Statue of Liberty. previous next exit 9.21a

28. Phrases as Fragments Clinging to a tree previous next exit 9.22

29. Phrases as Fragments Clinging to a tree, the koala gazed at the tourists. previous next exit 9.22a

30. Missing Word Fragments The bag lady in tattered clothes previous next exit 9.23

31. Missing Word Fragments The bag lady in tattered clothescarried all of her belongings in a shopping cart. previous exit 9.23a