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Understanding Conservation of Momentum in Collisions and Explosions

Exploring Newton's Third Law through examples of collisions, impacts, and momentum changes, illustrating equal and opposite forces at play. Dive into concepts of impulse and momentum conservation in various scenarios.

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Understanding Conservation of Momentum in Collisions and Explosions

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  1. Conservation of Momentum Collisions and Explosions

  2. Review of Newton’s 3rd Law • While driving down the road, a firefly strikes the windshield of a bus and makes a quite obvious mess in front of the face of the driver. This is a clear case of Newton's third law of motion. The firefly hit the bus and the bus hits the firefly. Which of the two forces is greater: the force on the firefly or the force on the bus?

  3. Review of Part 1 Ft=mΔv

  4. Conservation of Momentum • When two objects collide • Force between the 2 is the same (newton’s 3rd) • The time they collide is the same • This means the impulses are equal

  5. Conservation of Momentum • Thus, since each object experiences equal and opposite impulses, it follows logically that they must also experience equal and opposite momentum changes • Think of this as a system, not individual pieces

  6. Check Your Understanding • When fighting fires, a firefighter must use great caution to hold a hose that emits large amounts of water at high speeds. Why would such a task be difficult?

  7. Demo • Same size carts • Small runs into large • Large runs into small

  8. v = 0 What is the speed of the cannon? 200-kg cannon and 1-kg cannonball (400 m/s)

  9. v = 0 0 = What is the speed of the cannon? (200)v + (1)(400) v = -2 m/s 200-kg cannon and 1-kg cannonball (400 m/s)

  10. Check Your Understanding A large truck and a Volkswagen have a head-on collision. • a. Which vehicle experiences the greatest force of impact? • b. Which vehicle experiences the greatest impulse? • c. Which vehicle experiences the greatest momentum change? • d. Which vehicle experiences the greatest acceleration?

  11. Conservation of Momentum Sample Problems

  12. m

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