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MENA3100, 22/1-07, OBK. Optical microscopy. Magnification Resolution Contrast. We want to see more details. Simple microscope. The simple microscope. Antony van Leeuwenhoek. (1632−1723). The compound microscope. ca. 1595 Hans Janssen. Robert Hook (1635−1703). Micrographia , 1664.
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MENA3100, 22/1-07, OBK Optical microscopy Magnification Resolution Contrast We want to see more details Simple microscope
The simple microscope Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632−1723)
The compound microscope ca. 1595 Hans Janssen Robert Hook (1635−1703) Micrographia, 1664
Compound microscope for transmitted light
Inverted compound microscope for reflected light
Refraction Kromatisk abberation
The objective Corrections
Numerical aperture (NA) NA = nsina Resolution R = 0,61l/NA Rayleigh criterion (Raleigh in Brandon and Kaplan)
The limiting factor: Diffraction NA = nsina Oil immersion
More is needed than just the objective Condenser system Eyepice Ocular (okular)
Optical anisotropy Calcite
Amorphous and cubic: Optically isotropic, one refracive index Hexagonal, trigonal, tetragonal: Optically anisotropic, two refractive indices Lower symmetry: Optically anisotropic, three refractive indices
Remember that geologists often call their book on microscopy on thin sections for optical crystallography, and microscopy with reflected light is ore microscopy (malmmikroskopi). Some web sites: http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/ http://www.microscopyu.com/ http://www.micro.magnet.fsu.edu/ http://www.micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/pdfs/basicsandbeyond.pdf maintenance: http://www.zeiss.de/C1256D18002CC306/0/1205E8CBD68054EAC125701500404705/$file/46-0009_e.pdf