ICTP TWAS + Dept. Theo. Phys. SISSA Immaginario Scientifico Marina, Parco

1. “… scientifically active men [and women] … must be kept in their own countries to build for the future, but their scientific integrity must also be preserved.” Abdus Salam Founding Director

2. Major Scientific Institutions in Trieste • ICTP • TWAS+ • Dept. Theo. Phys. • SISSA • Immaginario Scientifico • Marina, Parco • ICGEB • ICS • INFN INFM U. Trieste

3. Organization • ICTP operates under a tripartite agreement between two United Nations Agencies—UNESCO and IAEA—and the Government of Italy. The Centre enjoys a great deal of autonomy.* • A distinguished Scientific Council sets scientific policies and a Steering Committee in setting fiscal policies. Some funding is provided by IAEA and UNESCO, specific programmatic funding by other sources, and  82% of the Centre’s budget comes from Italy. *The Centre started under the umbrella of IAEA in 1964 but was administratively moved under UNESCO in 1996.

4. ICTP is an institution run by a few scientists for the benefit of many research and training coordination permanent scientists 30 temporary scientific staff: post-docs, staff associates, long-term visitors mostly research 100 short-term visitors: associates, guest scientists do own or collaborative research, orreceive training through participation 400 receive training through schools, conferences, and exchange of information participation in conferences, schools and workshops; diploma students 4000-6000 per year 6441 in 2004 ICTP Scientists, Visitors and their Functions + about 130 general staff

5. Research at ICTP(not “merely” theoretical physics) • High Energy, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics • Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics • Pure and Applied Mathematics • Applied Physics (Medical Physics, Optics and Lasers, Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Physics, Soft Matter, Nuclear Physics, Biophysics, Energy) • Earth Sciences (Weather, Climate Changes, Oceanography, Earthquake Prediction, Soil and Coastal Erosion, Desertification,…) • Laboratory activities (Instrumentation, Information Technology, …) Nobel Laureates and Fields Medalists visiting the center > 100 (15+ in the last five years)

6. Programs at ICTP* Diploma programs; Masters degree; Ph.D. degree (both local and SANDWICH); post-doc appointments Associateships; TRIL fellowships --------------------------- *conducted often in close collaboration with and support of Italian institutions in Trieste and elsewhere, and many other international institutions

7. Schools; Colleges; Workshops; Conferences For 2008 Supported by and held at ICTP: 60 Held elsewhere: 12 Hosted programs: 18 Typical duration: 3 weeks Typical participation: 50 scientists Typical distribution: 50% from DC

8. 31 Centres Africa 11 Asia 10 Europe 1 Indonesia 1 Latin America 8 34 Networks Africa 12 Asia 9 Europe 1 Latin America 12 Affiliate Centres Since 1990 29 Projects Africa 16 Asia 8 Europe 1 Latin America 4

9. ICTP VISITORS STATISTICS, 1970-2006 DC: 50% (v), 70% (p-m) ICTP Public Information Office, February 2007

10. ICTP visitors from 1970-2006 (including associates, TRIL fellows, course participants and researchers). Institutes collaborating with OEA Institutes collaborating with ARPL Institutes collaborating with SCS ICTP regional activities in 2006 1 357 1 ICTP AND AFRICA 4 841 5 884 215 3 6 6 1911 1 58 82 269 31 6 1 27 535 1 4 11 1 12 83 33 157 4 2 2 1 1 2 45 2 1 1773 378 8 4 79 5 1 580 5 4 37 111 4 57 2 293 2 1 1 7 3 1 D. REP. OF THE CONGO 2 129 5 128 296 1 2 42 1 1 2 1 78 2 1 58 194 1 60 14 14 87 2 96 2 100 11 1 30 3 2 1 3 12 1 159 40

11. a a ICTP visitors from 1970-2006 (including associates, TRIL fellows, course participants and researchers). Institutes collaborating with OEA Institutes collaborating with ARPL Institutes collaborating with SCS ICTP regional activities in 2007-2008 1 1 1265 760 3 MEXICO 8 12 1 1 CUBA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 7 29 HAITI JAMAICA 1 33 1 1 BELIZE PUERTO RICO HONDURAS 22 1 3 DOMINICA GUATEMALA 22 7 ST . LUCIA BARBADOS 105 1 1 26 EL SAL V ADOR NICARAGUA 540 4 TRINIDAD AND T OBAGO 15 2 COSTA GUYANA 3 1 VENEZUELA RICA 14 1 P ANAMA FRENCH GUIANA COLOMBIA 589 ECUADOR 2 SURINAME 70 9 1 PERU 416 BRAZIL 6 67 2572 BOLIVIA 4 P ARAGUA Y 2 3 CHILE 426 357 4 128 1 URUGUAY ARGENTINA 3 ICTP AND LATIN AMERICA

12. IMPACT OF ICTP ICTP has had a longstanding impact on the science in Iran… the most important one is the concept of excellence…and I dare say ICTP has been the most influential institution in the world to bring that into existence. [It also has had] direct impact [on the] establishment of the various institutions; many graduate students in Iran have been exposed to international scientific community through different activities of ICTP. Professor Reza Mansouri, Iran ICTP was very useful to me personally …[and] it opened up a new world to me. Almost all of my colleagues at the Centre for Theoretical Physics in Hanoi get the same help from the ICTP. In addition, we also get book donations, computers, etc. For young physicists, the ICTP Diploma program is very attractive. Professor Hoang Ngoc Long, Vietnam One particular international institution that has played an important role in providing resources and opportunities for physicists [in Africa] is the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy. …ICTP's affiliated centers and visiting scholars programs are well known in African universities; nearly every PhD physicist in … Africa has had an association with ICTP. Professor Edmund Zingu, South Africa, in Physics Today, January 2004 Many Latin American scientists not only found a great fountain of scientific truth in ICTP, but also a vision that guided them steadily in discovering new truths. Professor V. Lattore, Multiciencias, Peru ICTP’s help was extraordinarily useful to both older scientists whose research was interrupted by the cultural revolution and the younger generation which entered the university after 1976. Professor Yu Lu, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing ICTP has played an important role on assisting Indian science in the last few decades. Several scientists have been associated with ICTP and our students and post-docs greatly benefitted from participation in ICTP activities. Professor Spenta Wadia, TIFR, Mumbai, India

13. Thank you

14. The fund for startup initiatives aims to: • stimulate academic programs at the NYUAD Institute, including conferences, colloquia with international scholars, research workshops, seminars with students from the region as well as NYU, and lecture series • support individual and collaborative research projects that would benefit from an institutional anchor at the NYUAD Institute • promote collaboration of NYU faculty and students with counterparts from the broad Middle East • support faculty interested in experimenting with interactive instruction and classroom technology that connects NYU Washington Square with NYUAD

16. Example of ESP Networking: The Regional Climate research NETwork, RegCNET North America Europe Sub-Saharan Africa Mediterranean Middle East South-North Interactions Scientific Exchanges Central America Eastern Europe South-South Interactions South America South Asia Activity Coordination Southeast Asia Islands East Asia Australia & New Zealand Japan & Korea Collaborative research projects E-mail list (over 300 p.) Use of ICTP model tools and datasets Interactions with other international programs Workshops at ICTP and off-site Visitor program Regional Modeling Climate Change Weather Prediction Seasonal Prediction Storms Flood Drought Water Resources Energy Agriculture Landuse Change Pollution Health Fisheries Ecosystems