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SPRAYER ACCURACY

SPRAYER ACCURACY. Objective of Calibration. Determine the volume or weight that application equipment will apply to a known area under a given set of conditions. VOLUME OF PESTICIDE SOLUTION APPLIED DEPENDS UPON:. NOZZLES PRESSURE SPEED Spacing of Nozzles Viscosity of liquid

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SPRAYER ACCURACY

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  1. SPRAYERACCURACY

  2. Objective of Calibration • Determine the volume or weight that application equipment will apply to a known area under a given set of conditions.

  3. VOLUME OF PESTICIDE SOLUTION APPLIED DEPENDS UPON: • NOZZLES • PRESSURE • SPEED • Spacing of Nozzles • Viscosity of liquid • WHY CALIBRATE??

  4. 1984 Colorado SprayCheck Program

  5. TeeJet nozzle examples

  6. Hypro Nozzles

  7. NOZZLE TIP DESIGNATIONSSPRAYING SYSTEMS CO. • HSS8002E • HSS 80 02 E • HSS = HARDENED STAINLESS STEEL • 80 = 80 DEGREE SPRAY ANGLE • 02 = 0.2 GALLON PER MINUTE AT 40 PSI • E = EVEN FLAT FAN PATTERN FOR BAND APPLICATION

  8. HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT NOZZLE SIZE • GPM = GPA x MPH x Nozzle spacing in inches 5940 • GPM = Gallons per minute per nozzle • GPA = Gallons per acre • MPH = Miles per hour

  9. EXAMPLE • GPA = 30 • MPH = 4 • Nozzle spacing = 20 • GPM = 30 GPA x 4 MPH x 20 in 5940 • GPM = 0.40

  10. Find nozzle capacity in GPM in manufacture's catalog. • Desired spraying pressure = 40 psi • Using Spraying Systems catalog an 8004 nozzle would work the best.

  11. TeeJet Standard FlatSpray TipsGPA - 20 inch spacing

  12. Rule of Thumb • An 8004 nozzle will deliver 40 gpa when used at 3 mph with 40 psi. • Likewise an 8002 will deliver 20 gpa under the same conditions. • An 8001 will deliver 10 gpa.

  13. HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT • NOZZLES • Best for large changes in output

  14. HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT • Pressure • Only feasible within a limited pressure range • Pressure must be increased by a factor of 4 in order to double the flow • 10 GPA at 20 PSI • 20 GPA at 80 PSI

  15. HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT • SPEED • Only feasible within a limited range of speeds • Double ground speed will decrease output by 50% • 1/2 ground speed will increase output by 50%

  16. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE • NOZZLES • Nozzle types • Flat fan is best for broadcast application of herbicides Flat fan Even fan

  17. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE

  18. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE

  19. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE

  20. BOOM BUSTERSPRAY NOZZLES THAT WORK WITHOUT BOOMS • FEATURES • All nozzles machined from solid stainless steel.  All have replaceable industrial grade nylon diffusers. (Tests have shown that this nylon will outlast stainless steel.)

  21. Boom Buster (con’t) • Extra wide spray pattern. • Excellent pattern and distribution. • All models spray chemicals and fertilizers. • All nozzles have standard pipe threads.

  22. Boom Buster (con’t) • USES • Row Crops, Grain and Pastures • State and County Right-of-Ways • Orchards and Vineyards • Forestry and Utility Right-of-Ways • Lawn and Turf • Roads, Hedge Rows and Fence Rows

  23. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE • Nozzle uniformity • Nozzle types and orifice sizes must be the same across the boom

  24. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE • Nozzle orientation • Directed straight down toward the ground and angled 5 to 10 degrees from parallel to the boom to prevent collision of spray droplets from adjacent patterns

  25. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE • Nozzle materials • Stainless steel, brass and polymer are the most common. • Stainless steel is probably the best choice

  26. RELATIVE NOZZLE WEAR

  27. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE • Screens and filters • Use appropriate screens and filters • 0.2 GPM or more use 50 mesh • Less than 0.2 GPM use 100 mesh

  28. Spray Drift Management

  29. Misapplication Facts Source: Farmland Insurance 1996

  30. Contributions to Drift

  31. Relationship of Drift to Drop Size • Particle drift results by creating smaller drops. • Spray droplets are measured in microns and expressed as Volume Median Diameter (VMD). One micron (m) =1/25,000 inch

  32. 2000 m 850 m 420 m 300 m 150 m 100 m #2 Pencil lead paper clip staple toothbrush bristle sewing thread human hair Comparison of Micron Sizes for Various Items (approximate) 150

  33. Droplet Size • Large droplets have less potential to drift because they: • Fall more quickly • Evaporate more slowly • Are less affected by wind • Small droplets often result from: • High spray pressure • Small nozzle tips • Wind shear across the nozzles

  34. Drift Potential is Influenced by • Volume Median Diameter (VMD) 50% • Droplet Spectrum (Range - big to small) % Volume in droplets less than 200 microns in size

  35. 1/2 of spray volume = smaller droplets VMD 1/2 of spray volume = larger droplets

  36. Cutting Droplet Size in HalfResults in Eight Times the Number of Droplets 250 Microns 250 Microns 500 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns

  37. Results in Eight Times the Number of Droplets Cutting Droplet Size in Half = 500 Microns 250 Microns 2 more droplets fill in the sphere

  38. Evaporation and Deceleration of Various Size Droplets* Droplet Terminal Final Drop Time to Deceleration Diameter Velocity diameter evaporate distance (microns) (ft/sec) (microns) (sec) (in) 20 .04 7 0.3 <1 50 .25 17 1.8 3 100 .91 33 7 9 150 1.7 50 16 16 200 2.4 67 29 25 *Conditions assumed: 90 F, 36% R.H., 25 psi., 3.75% pesticide solution

  39. Low Drift Nozzle Types • Flat-fan(Spraying Systems, Hardi, Delavan, Lurmark, others) • Raindrop (Delavan) • Drift Reduction Flat-fan (Several)

  40. Low Drift Nozzle Types, cont: Turbo Flood (Spraying Systems) Turbo Flat-fan (Spraying Systems) TurboDrop AI Flat-fan SprayMaster Ultra Compact Venturi

  41. Dropsize Comparisons(Data provided by Spraying Systems Co.) *Numbers listed are in Microns (Dv.5)

  42. Nozzle Dropsize Classification Selection based on droplet size: • Very Fine • Fine • Medium • Coarse • Very Coarse • <119 m • 119-216 m • 217-353 m • 354-464 m • >464 m Insecticides and Fungicides Herbicides Postemergence Soil Applications of Herbicides

  43. Air Inclusion • Just air pressure, or both air and liquid pressure used to atomize and carry the spray solution to the target. • Sprayer operator can vary droplet size independently of nozzle flow rate.

  44. Air Atomizers • AirJet (Spraying Systems Co., Illinois) • Shear Guard Plus (Spray-air USA inc., Idaho)

  45. AirJet Atomizer--- Flow rate vs. Droplet size

  46. Air Inclusion Technology "Air Inclusion technology over last five years, has done more to reduce off target trespass than any other technology that I am aware of, past or present. This technology has come to the market and has been widely adopted without mandated regulation. It has been a voluntary effort by manufacturers, researchers, growers, and retailers to develop and promote low-drift application practices which are in the best interest for agriculture." Thomas M. Wolf, PhD

  47. Droplet Dynamics

  48. TeeJet XR Hypro TR Hypro ULD Air Bubble Jet TurboDrop Delavan Ultra 20 psi 40 psi 75 psi

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