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Sprayer Economics. Gary Schnitkey schnitke@uiuc.edu University of Illinois. Outline . Estimate costs of per acre sprayer operations for inclusion on farmdoc Evaluate for four situations. Custom Rate Surveys. Type Avg. Range Iowa, 2005
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Sprayer Economics Gary Schnitkey schnitke@uiuc.edu University of Illinois
Outline • Estimate costs of per acre sprayer operations for inclusion on farmdoc • Evaluate for four situations
Custom Rate Surveys Type Avg. Range Iowa, 2005 Tractor 4.95 (3.50 – 8.50) Self propelled 5.05 (3.50 – 8.00) Airplane 5.80 (5.00 – 6.75) Purdue, 2004 Tractor 4.81 (3.32 – 6.29) Highboy 5.44 (3.77 – 7.12) Airplane 6.22 (4.30 – 8.14)
Situations Evaluated • Pull-type, well-equipped, 90 ft boom • Pull-type, economical, 40 ft boom • Self-propelled, High boy, 90 ft boom • Self-propelled, Coupe, 60 ft boom
Tendering Costs $50 per hour for truck and labor Acre/hr Cost/acre • Pull-type, well equip 50 $1.00 • Pull-type, economical 23 2.17 • Self-prop, high crop 50 1.00 • Self-Prop, coupe 41 1.21
Pull-Type SprayerWell Equipped • $25,000 purchase price • 90 ft boom • Hold 10 years (sell for $5,200) • $1.50 fuel price, 7% interest rate, $13.50 labor price • Covers about 50 acres per hour
Acres per Hour Speed 8 miles per hr. x feet per mile 5,280 feet x boom width 90 feet ÷ area per acre 43,560 square feet The. capacity 87 acres x field efficiency 60% Acres covered 52
Tractors Charges (155 HP)Based on Per Hour Costs Per Year Per Hour Depreciation $4,867 $16.22 Interest 3,714 12.38 Housing 531 1.77 Repair 627 2.09 Fuel and Lub 3,362 11.20 Labor 4,455 14.85 Total 17,555 $58.51 From Machinery Cost Estimates on farmdoc
Pull Type Sprayer (4,000 acres)Costs per Acre Sprayer Tractor Total Depreciation .50 .31 .81 Interest .21 .24 .45 Repairs .21 .04 .25 Ins + House .04 .03 .07 Fuel .21 .21 Labor .28 .28 Total .96 1.11 2.07
Per Acre Costs for Different Acres Acres Cost 1,000 $4.23 2,000 2.77 3,000 2.30 4,000 2.07 5,000 1.94 Holds tractor hour costs constant **No tendering costs ($1.00 per acre)
Pull Type SprayerEconomical • $14,000 purchase price • 40 foot boom • Hold 10 years ($0 salvage value) • 105 HP tractor • 23 acres per hour (60% field efficiency)
Per Acre Costs for Different Acres Acre s Cost 1,000 $4.19 2,000 3.22 3,000 2.90 4,000 2.76 5,000 2.69 Holds tractor hour costs constant Do not include tendering costs ($2.17)
Pull Type Sprayers, Per Acre Costs Acre s 90 ft. 40 ft. 1,000 $4.23 4.19 2,000 2.77 3.22 3,000 2.30 2.90 4,000 2.07 2.76 5,000 1.94 2.69
Why not much difference? • Tractor cost spread over fewer acre • 90 foot boom (155 HP) • $58.51/ 50 acres = $1.17 per acre • 40 foot boom (105 HP) • $44.13 / 23 acres = $1.92 per acre
Self Propelled SprayerHigh Crop • $192,000 purchase price • 90 foot boom • High boy • Hold for 10 years ($40,000 value) • 50 acres per hour (60% field efficiency)
Salvage Value • Work from Kansas State • http://www.agmanager.info/ • Kastens and Dhuyvetter • Developed OwnSpray.xls to estimate costs of self-propelled machines • Salvage values: • Drop 15% for each year • Drop 1% for each 100 hours
Self Propelled, High Boy (10,000 acres)Costs per Acre Total Per Acre Depreciation 15,213 1.52 Interest 6,511 .65 Repairs 4,000 .40 Ins + House 1,160 .12 Fuel 2,484 .23 Labor 2,224 .24 Total 31,920 3.16
Per Acre Costs for Different AcresHigh Boy ** Acres Cost 5,000 $5.45 7,500 3.92 10,000 3.16 12,500 2.70 15,000 2.39 ** No tendering costs ($1.00)
Self Propelled SprayerSpray Coupe • $91,000 purchase price • 60 foot boom • No tall crop ability • Hold for 10 years ($19,000 value) • 41 acres per hour (60% field efficiency)
Self Propelled (10,000 acres)Costs per Acre Total Per Acre Depreciation 7,207 .72 Interest 3,084 .31 Repairs 4,000 .40 Ins + House 550 .06 Fuel 1,743 .17 Labor 3,582 .36 Total 20,166 2.02
Per Acre Costs for Different AcresSpray Coupe Acres Cost 5,000 $3.10 7,500 2.37 10,000 2.02 12,500 1.80 15,000 1.66 ** No tendering costs ($1.21)
Self Propelled Sprayers, Per Acre Costs Acre s High crop Coupe 5,000 $5.42 $3.10 7,500 3.92 2.37 10,000 3.16 2.02 12,500 2.70 1.80 15,000 2.39 1.66
Why difference? • Difference due to initial costs of machine
Summary • Must run over sufficient acres to get costs approaching custom rates. • Some instances of cost savings. • Additional reasons justifying ownership from other than cost savings perspective