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Maximizing X-Ray Beam Control with Restrictors: Types and Advantages

Explore the concepts of X-ray beam restrictors, including aperture diaphragms, cones, and collimators. Learn about lead sheet restrictors, focal spot control, penumbra reduction, and the benefits of using collimators in radiology. Gain insights into aperture diaphragms, focal spot sizes, and the role of collimators in controlling X-ray beam parameters effectively.

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Maximizing X-Ray Beam Control with Restrictors: Types and Advantages

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  1. Christensen, Chapter 7 X-Ray Beam Restrictors Resident Physics Lectures George David Associate Professor Department of Radiology Medical College of Georgia

  2. Aperture Diaphragms • Cones and Cylinders • Collimators Restrictors Types

  3. Lead sheet with hole in center • simple • large penumbra (partial shadow) • Lead close to focal spot Focal Spot Aperture Diaphragms Penumbra Receptor

  4. Focal Spot Focal Spot Film Film Cones & Cylinders With cone angle as above, this functions as an aperture Reduced Penumbra

  5. Advantages • Adjustable rectangular field • fluoro may have circular field • Light beam indicates x-ray field • Two sets of shutters • longitudinal • transverse • Each set may have 2 pairs of shutters operating together Collimators One set; two pairs

  6. Focal Spot Filter Lamp Mirror Shutters (only 1 set shown) • Generally include filter & light Radiographic Collimators

  7. Numerical field size indicators • Field size dependent on source-image distance • SID • Focal spot to image receptor 8 10 12 14 17 40” 8 10 12 14 17 Collimator Features

  8. Senses cassette size, orientation, & SID • source - image distance • limits x-ray field to size of receptor • PBL does not insure tube & bucky aligned Positive Beam Limitation(PBL or Automatic Collimation) Cassette

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