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National Needs

National Needs. REU Program, 2013. James McCalley ( jdm@iastate.edu ). Energy 201: the nation. 40%. 18%. LightDuty: 61% Freight: 28% Aviation: 11%. 28%. 2. https://flowcharts.llnl.gov/index.html. US ENERGY USE IS ABOUT 70% ELECTRIC & TRANSPORTATION.

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National Needs

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  1. National Needs REU Program, 2013 James McCalley (jdm@iastate.edu)

  2. Energy 201: the nation 40% 18% LightDuty: 61% Freight: 28% Aviation: 11% 28% 2 https://flowcharts.llnl.gov/index.html

  3. US ENERGY USE IS ABOUT 70% ELECTRIC & TRANSPORTATION GREENING ELECTRIC & DIVERSIFYING TRANSPORTATION IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR REDUCING EMISSIONS US CO2 EMISSIONS* IS ABOUT 71% ELECTRIC & TRANSPORTATION * Anthropogenic

  4. INCREASE Non-GHG 12Q to 30Q USE 11Q Electric for transportation 4.5Q Electric Generation 49.72 Solar, 1.0 Unused Energy (Losses) 43.0 15 12.68 24.5 Nuclear,15 6.82 20.54 Hydro, 2.95 Wind, 8.1 Residential 11.48 Geothermal 3.04 REDUCE COAL 22Q TO 10Q Natural Gas 23.84 Used Energy 42.15 Commercial 8.58 IGCC, 2.26 Industrial 23.94 Old Coal 10.42 8.58 8.5 Biomass 3.88 Trans-portation 15.5 Petroleum 15.13 26.33 6.95 REDUCE PETROLEUM 37Q15Q LightDuty: 8.56Q Freight: 3.75Q Aviation: 3.19Q 4

  5. Grand Challenge Question For Energy: What investments should be made, how much, when, and where, at the national level, over the next 40 years, to achieve a sustainable, low cost, and resilient energy & transportation system? 6

  6. GEOTHERMAL SOLAR CLEAN-FOSSIL Where, when, how much of each, & how to interconnect? NUCLEAR BIOMASS Wind

  7. Grand Challenges For Wind: • Move wind energy from where it is harvested to where it can be used • Develop economically-attractive methods to accommodate increased variability and uncertainty introduced by large wind penetrations in operating the grid. • Improve wind turbine/farm economics (decrease investment and maintenance costs, increase operating revenues). • Address potential concerns about local siting, including wildlife, aesthetics, and impact on agriculture. 8

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