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Exploring Arthropods: Fascinating Jointed-Legged Creatures & Their Marvels

Delve into the intriguing world of Arthropods, creatures with jointed legs and chitinous exoskeletons. Explore their diverse characteristics, from modified segmentation to metamorphosis. Discover unique features like mandibles, respiratory structures, and the marvel of the exoskeleton made of chitin. Uncover the complex muscular system, internal organs, and the distinctive body divisions of Insecta. Learn about various Arthropod classes like Arachnida, Crustacea, and Insecta, each with its own peculiarities and adaptations. Engage with the wonder of Myriapoda and Merostomata, including millipedes, centipedes, and horseshoe crabs. Expand your knowledge of these incredible creatures and their vital ecological roles in different habitats.

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Exploring Arthropods: Fascinating Jointed-Legged Creatures & Their Marvels

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  1. Phylum Arthropoda “JOINTED LEGS”

  2. Euglossa Bazinga • http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/bazinga-species-bee-named-big-bang-theory-character-catch-phrase-article-1.1232240

  3. Characteristics of Arthropods • Modified segmentation – body regions specialized for specific functions (tagmatization). • Chitinous exoskeleton used for support and protection • Paired, jointed appendages • Growth accompanied by molting (ecdysis)

  4. Characteristics of Arthropods • Ventral nervous system • Reduced coelom • Open circulatory system where blood is released into tissue spaces (hemocoel) • Complete digestive tract • Metamorphosis often present

  5. Exoskeleton of Chitin • Must molt to fit as animal grows larger • External, jointed skeleton which encloses arthropods • Provides support, protection, and prevents water loss • System of levers for muscle attachment and movement • Secreted by epidermal cells

  6. Segmentation

  7. Muscles and Movement: • complex muscular system – both smooth and striated strong muscle contractions – fast, • active movements - muscle strength to body weight ratio of flea greater than that of humans!

  8. Jointed Appendages

  9. Gills, Compound Eyes, etc.

  10. Respiratory features • efficient respiratory structures – gills, tracheal tubes, book lungs, spiracles

  11. Internal Features (cont.) • open circulatory systems – has heart and arteries but vessels are open-ended; blood flows out among tissues: there are large open spaces loosely filled with tissues, sinuses, and blood

  12. Internal features • complex digestive system and digestive glands to produce enzymes • Malphighian tubules – used to excrete wastes into intestine

  13. Mandibles • mandibles – jaws that hold, chew, suck, or bite

  14. Spiders

  15. Class Arachnida

  16. Spider chelicerae • Act as fangs or pincers to hold food

  17. Pedipalps • act as sensors or handle food

  18. Funnel Web

  19. Orb Web

  20. Spinnerets

  21. Spider Reproduction

  22. Brown Recluse

  23. Black Widow Spider

  24. Scorpion

  25. http://healthlineinfo.com/mite-allergy.html

  26. Tick

  27. Eyelash Mite

  28. Plant Mites

  29. II. Merostomata – horseshoe crabs • “living fossils” – little change in 500 million yrs, much like extinct trilobites • large heavy exoskeletons, live on ocean floor

  30. Class Merostomata

  31. Crustacea • Crayfish external anatomy

  32. Crustacea • Crayfish head

  33. Crustacea • Crayfish Mouthparts

  34. Crayfish Feeding

  35. Crayfish Brooding

  36. Crayfish Molting

  37. http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/06/mantis-shrimp-smash.htmlhttp://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/06/mantis-shrimp-smash.html

  38. Subphylum Myriapoda • Four classes, two major: • Diplopoda- 2 pairs of legs per segment, body round in cross section. Millipedes • Chilopoda-1 pair of legs per segment, body oval in cross section, poison claws. Centipedes

  39. Pink Dragon Millipede Scolopendra gigantea Vietnamese Centipede House Centipede

  40. Garden Centipede

  41. Centipede – Poison Claw/Fang

  42. Diplopoda - Millipedes

  43. Giant African Millipede

  44. Insecta

  45. Class Insecta • 30 Orders within Class Insecta! • Common features an adult Insect is characterized by: • Body divided into head, thorax, abdomen • Three pairs of legs • Wings

  46. Insect Body Parts

  47. Compound Eyes

  48. Complete Metamorphosis • larvapupaadult • in ants, beetles, flies, moths, butterflies • Larva – free-living & wormlike eats, grows, & molts • Pupa – most in cocoon while tissues & organs of larva broken down and replaced by adult tissues • Adult – emerges from pupa, ready to reproduce

  49. Reduces competition between adults and immature stages • Ex: Larval crabs feed on plankton, adult crabs prowl sandy bottoms for live prey. • Ex: Caterpillar feeds on leafy vegetables, adult butterfly feeds on nectar from flowers.

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