Two Societies at War: Mobilization, Resources, and Internal Dissent

1. Two Societies at War: Mobilization, Resources, and Internal Dissent

2. The D.C. Emancipation Act • April 16, 1862 a bill ending slavery in the District of Columbia was signed by President Abraham Lincoln. • The law provided for: • immediate emancipation • compensation of up to $300 for each slave to loyal Unionist masters • voluntary colonization of former slaves to colonies outside the United States • payments of up to $100 to each person choosing emigration. • The District of Columbia Emancipation Act is the only example of compensated emancipation in the United States.

3. The Emancipation Proclamation • President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863 • It applied only to states that had seceded from the Union. • It expressly exempted parts of the Confederacy under Northern control. • The freedom it promised depended upon Union military victory. • It accepted black men into the Union Army and Navy. • Almost 200,000 black soldiers and sailors had fought for the Union and freedom.

4. The Conscription Act of 1863 • Was the first conscription legislation in American history. • Service could be avoided by paying a fee or finding a substitute. • Terms of the Act: • Military obligation imposed on males aged 20-45 • Federal agency had jurisdiction over all Union states • The US was divided into 185 military districts • Men were enlisted for 3 years or until the end of the war, which ever came first • commutation fees or substitutes were accepted • exemptions were granted

5. New York City Draft Riots • On Saturday, July 11, 1863, the first lottery of the conscription law was held. • On Monday, July 13, 1863, between 6 and 7 A.M., the five days of mayhem and bloodshed that would be known as the Civil War Draft Riots began. • The rioters' targets initially included only military and governmental buildings. • By afternoon of the first day, some of the rioters had turned to attacks on black people, and on things symbolic of black political, economic, and social power. • Rioters lynched eleven black men over the five days of mayhem. The riots forced hundreds of blacks out of the city

6. Horatio Seymour • New York governor Horatio Seymour's famous "My Friends" speech was delivered from the steps of New York's City Hall during the draft riots. • The riots broke out as a result of the Conscription Act that was highly discriminatory to the lower classes. • Although not an enthusiast of President Lincoln's war policies, Seymour actually rushed to the scene of the riots and tried to restore order.

7. Multimedia Citations • Slide 2: http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/dc_emancipation_act/images/emancipation_act_01.jpg • Slide 3: http://memory.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3b50000/3b53000/3b53000/3b53030r.jpg • Slide 4: http://memory.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3b00000/3b03000/3b03600/3b03672r.jpg • Slide 5: http://img.search.com/thumb/6/67/Riot63.JPG/300px-Riot63.JPG • Slide 6: http://memory.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3b40000/3b42000/3b42400/3b42499r.jpg