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George Marshall

George Marshall. (Only take notes on pages with a * in the title). Early Career. (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) Chief of Staff of the Army(1939 to 1945) Secretary of State(1947 to 1949) Enrolled at Virginia Military Institute

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George Marshall

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  1. George Marshall (Only take notes on pages with a * in the title)

  2. Early Career • (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) • Chief of Staff of the Army(1939 to 1945) • Secretary of State(1947 to 1949) • Enrolled at Virginia Military Institute • Graduated as Senior First Captain of the Corps of Cadets

  3. During World War One • No matter the post he distinguished himself over the next 9 years • He was appointed to General Staff • When we joined the war he sailed to France with the First Division • He exceeded in the battles of Cantigny, Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne.

  4. Post WWI • Instructed at the Army War College in 1927 • Assistant commandant of the Infantry School (1927 to 1932) • Named General Chief of Staff in September, 1939 by Franklin D. Roosevelt • He was named America’s Foremost Soldier

  5. *Post WWII Europe* • Western Europe was in chaos. • Many factories were destroyed. • Millions of poor were living in refugee camps. • Poverty and unemployment grew exponentially. • Harsh winter in 1946-47 caused crops, water supply, and fuel to be cut off.

  6. *Marshall’s Plan* • Proposed plan to aid any countries in Europe rebuilding from the destruction of WWII • Required European countries to cooperate to develop common plan for recovery. • Soviet Union refused to participate

  7. *Promoting Marshal's plan* • United States gave 13 billion in aid to 16 countries within 1947 and 1952. • Goal = stable market based economies that would promote democratic institutions. • By mid 1950s most countries of western Europe were U.S. allies. • West Germany brought back into the rebuilt of European community.

  8. *Importance to U.S. Economy* • Marshal plan prevented U.S. from going back to depression. • Much money from marshal plan was spent on American goods transported in American ships. • Helped the U.S. maintain strong economy and world economic leadership.

  9. *Europe and the U.S.* • Promoted strong trade between Europe and the U.S. • Europe became favorable place for American investment. • Strengthened capitalism as economic system against soviet communism. • Communism less appealed to European voters when democracy resulted in great economic conditions.

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