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Enhancing Food Security through Vulnerability Mapping and Analysis

Explore how Vulnerability Analysis & Mapping inform WFP program designs to tackle food insecurity. Learn about key indicators, assessments, and emergency responses to improve food security strategies. Discover the role of VAM in monitoring and evaluation phases.

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Enhancing Food Security through Vulnerability Mapping and Analysis

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  1. Vulnerability Analysis & Mapping (VAM) Food Security Sector Meeting 28 August 2019

  2. Outline • Food Security Assessments & Monitoring • Major indicators • Better ways of working with FSS partners

  3. Role of VAM • To provide evidence-based analysis to inform WFP program designs (both in emergency and development contexts) to address problems of food insecurity and vulnerability • To provide additional information and analytical support as needed during emergency and development program implementation and evaluation phases.

  4. Type of assessments • Food Security Assessments (emergency and re-assessments)- e.g. REVA • JAM- WFP/UNHCR Joint Assessment Mission • Market Assessments (underway) • CFSAM- FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission • SISMOID – Shock Impact Simulation Model

  5. Purpose of REVA Done annually to: • Assess the severity of food insecurity and socio-economic vulnerability from an essential needs’ perspective among displaced populations and host communities; • Highlight the most food insecure and vulnerable groups; • Provide recommendations to address priority needs

  6. Purpose of JAM Done every two years, by UNHCR/WFP, To assess refugees’ food and non-food needs, and how adequately these needs are being addressed.

  7. Purpose of JAM Provide strategic directions for joint programming to: • Enhance the refugee populations’ capacities to meet their food and other basic needs; • Strengthen their livelihoods and increase their self-reliance; • Ensure gender and protection considerations are prioritized.

  8. Indicators assessed (1) • Livelihood patterns (income and income sources) • Food and non-food expenditure • Economic capacity to meet essential needs (actual expenditures against the MEB) • Level of indebtedness • Access to education, improved water sources, improved sanitation facilities • Access to health services • Shocks and coping strategies • External assistance

  9. Indicators assessed (2) • Shelter conditions and cooking fuel/lighting • Food consumption score • Food consumption score nutrition • Food sources • Food-related coping strategies • Livelihood coping strategies • Protection concerns • Nutrition: GAM/stunting of children under 5 • Relevant demographic data

  10. Type of analysis (1) • Risk analysis • What could happen, where, to whom? • Food economy analysis • Household food production • Household income opportunities • Wealth • Coping mechanisms • Vulnerability analysis • Who is chronically food insecure? • Who is vulnerable to food insecurity in the future • Where, why, how many? • Early Warning • What can effect household food security? • How can we know when it is coming?

  11. Type of analysis (2) • Emergency Assessment and targeting • Who is vulnerable as a result of a specific shock • Where, how many are they? • How do we best reach them (program design and targeting)? • Contingency Planning • What can we do to prevent food insecurity (prevention) • What can we do to prepare for the inevitable (disaster preparedness) • What can we do to mitigate the impact of a disaster (disaster mitigation) • Monitoring and Evaluation • Are we doing what we planned to do? (Monitoring) • Was our plan the right plan? Did we have an impact? (Evaluation)

  12. Consolidated Approach to Reporting Indicators (CARI) for Food Security CARI Console

  13. Severity scales:food insecurity(examples)

  14. Severity scale: socio-economic (examples) Socio-economic vulnerability (including the value of food assistance) Socio-economic vulnerability (excluding the estimated value of food assistance)

  15. Example of Vulnerability Criteria

  16. VAM Products

  17. Links • REVA 2 (Full Report): https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000106095/download/ • REVA 2 (Summary Report): https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000106096/download/?iframe • VAM Resource Centre: https://resources.vam.wfp.org • VAM Shop: https://vam.wfp.org/CountryPage_overview.aspx?iso3=BGD

  18. Working with FSS partners (?) In groups (and feedback to plenary)- • Identify possible ways in which VAM can support activities of the partners/focal points? • What additional information/data/analysis would you need to support your work?

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