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IV. British Take Over India

IV. British Take Over India. A. British East India Co. and Mughal Empire. Exploiting Indian diversity by encouraging competition and disunity among princes; superior weapons. 2. British policy to make money. Improve roads, preserve peace, end crime

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IV. British Take Over India

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  1. IV. British Take Over India

  2. A. British East India Co. and Mughal Empire • Exploiting Indian diversity by encouraging competition and disunity among princes; superior weapons

  3. 2. British policy to make money • Improve roads, preserve peace, end crime • Western education and religion (missionaries) • End slavery and caste system • Help women-end sati (throwing self in fire)

  4. 3. Sepoy Rebellion-1857a. Causes • Sepoys (Indian soldiers) serve anywhere, even overseas • Hindu widows could remarry- viewed as Christian conspiracy • New rifles with cartridges greased with animal fat (Cows- sacred, pigs-forbidden)

  5. Against British officers Killed British citizens &GB retaliated Legacy of fear, hatred and mistrust Resulted in direct rule by GB (rather than the EI Co.) b. Rebellion

  6. B. British Colonial Rule1. Unequal partnership • Viceroy-ruled India in name of queen • British officials had top positions • Source of raw materials and a market • Deforestation (agriculture instead of nomadic tribes)

  7. 2. Modern Methods Population Growth Famine in late 1800’s 3. Benefits of British Rule • Peace & order in countryside • Legal system promote justice for all • Railroad, telegraph, postal system • Western education • Bridge regional differences-national unity

  8. C. Different Views of Culture1. Indian Attitudes • 2 attitudes-west and traditional • Ram Mohun Roy – both, early 1800’s i. Scholar, founder of Indian nationalism ii. Pride in Indian tradition

  9. iii. Condemned caste system, child marriage, sati, and purdah (isolation of women in separate quarters)

  10. 2. Western Attitude • Some admired classics, philosophy and religion: Hinduism and Buddhism • Most knew little and treated India with contempt

  11. D. Indian Nationalism • Exposure to western ideas led to desire to equality & self-rule • In 1885, Indian National Congress (Congress Party) wanted greater democracy and self-rule

  12. 3. In 1906 the Muslim League was formed, wanting a separate Muslim state

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