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Troubleshooting and performance monitoring

Troubleshooting and performance monitoring. Unit objectives Identify good troubleshooting practices and troubleshoot common hardware and software problems Monitor system performance using command line and graphical utilities. Topic A. Topic A: Troubleshooting Topic B: Performance monitoring.

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Troubleshooting and performance monitoring

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  1. Troubleshooting and performance monitoring Unit objectives • Identify good troubleshooting practices and troubleshoot common hardware and software problems • Monitor system performance using command line and graphical utilities

  2. Topic A • Topic A: Troubleshooting • Topic B: Performance monitoring

  3. The maintenance cycle

  4. Troubleshooting methodology • Monitoring • Examine log files • Use monitoring utilities • Proactive maintenance • Prevent problems from occurring • Reactive maintenance • Fix problems when they occur

  5. Common troubleshooting procedure

  6. Troubleshooting methodology: rules • Prioritize problems • According to severity • Spend a reasonable amount of time given priority • Try to solve the root of the problem • Avoid missing the underlying cause of a problem • Try to justify why a certain solution is successful

  7. Exercise A-1 Discussing troubleshooting methodology

  8. Hardware problems • Absence of a device driver • Prevents operating system from using hardware devices • Kudzu program • Program used to detect and install support for new hardware

  9. The kudzu welcome screen

  10. Configuring hardware using kudzu

  11. Exercise A-2 Resolving hardware problems

  12. Software problems • Dependencies • Prerequisites for program execution • shared libraries • other packages • ldd command • Displays shared libraries used by a program continued

  13. Software problems, continued • ldconfig command • Updates the /etc/ld.so.conf and /etc/ld.so.cache files • /etc/ld.so.conf files • Contains a list of directories that contain shared libraries • /etc/ld.so.cache file • Contains the location of shared library files

  14. File descriptorsand logs • Filehandles • Connections a program makes to files • ulimit command • Modifies process limit parameters • /var/log directory • Contains most system log files

  15. Operating system problems • Most software problems are related to the operating system • Typically problems with boot loaders, filesystems, and serial devices • mkbootdisk command • Creates a boot floppy disk

  16. Keywords used with the setserial utility

  17. Exercise A-3 Resolving software problems

  18. Activity A-4 Viewing and modifying package dependencies

  19. Topic B • Topic A: Troubleshooting • Topic B: Performance monitoring

  20. Performance monitoring • Hardware problems • Improper configuration • Old and failing • Jabbering • Failing hardware components send large amounts of information to the CPU continued

  21. Improving software performance • Upgrade CPU • Buss Mastering • More RAM • Faster hard drive • CD-ROM on separate controller • Smaller kernel

  22. sysstat utilities • System Statistics (sysstat) package • Performance monitoring utilities • mpstat, iostat, sar, and isag • Multiple Processor Statistics (mpstat) utility • Displays CPU statistics continued

  23. sysstat utilities, continued • Input/Output Statistics (iostat) command • Displays Input/Output statistics for block devices • System Activity Reporter (sar) command • Displays various system statistics

  24. Options to the sar command

  25. Activity B-1 Using the mpstat, iostat and sar commands

  26. Other performance monitoring utilities • top command • Displays memory usage, swap usage, average CPU Load • free command • Displays memory and swap statistics • vmstat command • Displays memory, CPU, and swap statistics

  27. Activity B-2 Using top, free, and vmstat commands

  28. Unit summary • Identified good troubleshooting practices and learned how to troubleshoot common hardware and software problems • Monitored system performance using utilities

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