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Strategies for improving production in rice based cropping systems B. Gangwar Project Director

Strategies for improving production in rice based cropping systems B. Gangwar Project Director Project Directorate for Farming Systems Research, Modipuram, Meerut-250 110 (U.P.). Major concern Increase in human population (1.2 Billion by 2020)

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Strategies for improving production in rice based cropping systems B. Gangwar Project Director

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  1. Strategies for improving production in rice based cropping systems B. Gangwar Project Director Project Directorate for Farming Systems Research,Modipuram, Meerut-250 110 (U.P.)

  2. Major concern Increase in human population (1.2 Billion by 2020) Decline in per capita availability of land (0.11 ha by 2020) Stagnation in production (210-216 MT) Food demand (280 MT by 2020) Pulses and oil seeds are short in supply Major predominant cropping systems are cereal based caused second generation problems

  3. Rice – wheat (10.5 m ha) Rice – rice (5.89 m ha) Cotton – wheat (1.09 m ha) Soybean – wheat (2.23 m ha) Maize – wheat (1.86 m ha) P. millet - wheat (2.26 m ha) Major Cropping Systems in India

  4. Crop Management Approaches for Improving Production Site specific crop diversification Site specific tillage and crop establishment Site specific nutrient management Site specific water management Site specific weed management including pests

  5. Site specific crop diversification

  6. Diversification of rice-wheat • Area under Rice-wheat: 10.5 m ha. • Av yield: 4.71 t/ha(REY). • Potential range of diversified systems 12-43 t/ha. • Expected gain if 10% area is diversified : 24.0 mt.

  7. Diversification of Rice- Rice • Area under Rice- Rice : 2.98 m ha. • Av yield: 4.81 t/ha. • Potential range of diversified systems 12-21 t/ha. • Expected gain if 10% area is diversified : 3-5 mt.

  8. Site specific tillage and crop establishment

  9. Effect of Tillage/Crop establishment in Rice (hybrid) Based Cropping Systems(REY t/ha) Gangwar et.al.(2006)

  10. Gangwar et.al.(2005)

  11. Site specific nutrient management

  12. NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES IN INDIAN SOILS Nitrogen - Low in 228 districts, Medium in 118 districts, High in 18 districts. Phosphorus - Low in 170 districts, Medium in 189 districts, High in 17districts. Potassium - Low in 47 districts, Medium in 192 districts, High in 122 districts. Sulpher - Low in 130 districts. Magnesium - Kerala, AP, Parts of Tamil Nadu and Very acid soils. Zinc - More than 50 % soils. Iron - In most of calcareous soils, Mainly in groundnut,sugarcane, sorghum and upland rice. Boron - Parts of West Bengal, Assam, Bihar and Karnataka.

  13. Negative Nutrient Balance in Rice-Wheat System in Indo-Gangetic Plains

  14. RICE-WHEAT SYSTEM RESPONSE TO MAJOR NUTRIENTS

  15. ECONOMIC RESPONSE OF RICE-WHEAT SYSTEM TO MAJOR NUTRIENTS

  16. RICE-RICE SYSTEM RESPONSE TO MAJOR NUTRIENTS

  17. EconomicResponse Of Rice-Rice System To Major Nutrients

  18. YIELD MAXIMIZATION Effect of fertilizer doses, organic manure and plant population on rice-rice system yield (t/ha) South Zone, Karamana (1993-97)

  19. East and South Eastern Coastal Zone, Bhubneshwar (1993-97)

  20. Influence of secondary and micronutrients on the total productivity (kg/ha) of different cropping systems

  21. Zone: Southern & High Rainfall Zone (Tiruneveli) Major Constraints: Micro-nutrient (Zinc deficiency) Prevailing system: Rice-rice

  22. Zone: South Konkan Coastal Zone (Ratnagiri) Major Constraints: Nutrient management Prevailing system: Rice-groundnut

  23. Zone: Coastal Midland (Trissur) Major Constraints: Nutrient application Prevailing system: Rice-rice

  24. Performance of site-specific nutrient management as compared to farmer's fertilizer practice under rice-wheat cropping system Tiwari et.al. (2006)

  25. Performance of site-specific nutrient management as compared to farmer's fertilizer practice under rice-rice cropping system Tiwari et.al. (2006)

  26. Site specific water management

  27. Site specific weed and pest management

  28. Effect of cropping systems on dry weight of weeds at 30 DAS

  29. Effect of intensification on Phalaris minor in wheat crop

  30. Effect of interruption once in 3 years on Phalaris minor in succeeding years at Modipuram

  31. Agronomic Management based on Regional Constraints (On Farm) Zone: North Eastern Zone (Viridhachalam) Major Constraints: Weed Management Prevailing system: Rice-rice

  32. CONCLUSIONS • The diversified rice based systems proved to be more efficient than existing rice based systems and calls for adoption of strategies as presented above. • The quantum jumps in total farm production are achievable with use of improved management practices under diversified systems as identified.

  33. Thank you

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