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Strong Acids

Strong Acids. Ionize 100% in water :. 100%. HCl (aq) + H 2 O (l) H 3 O + (aq) + Cl - (aq). The following are strong acids:. HCl (aq) HI (aq) HBr (aq) HNO 3 (aq) H 2 SO 4 (aq) HClO 4 (aq). All other acids are weak.

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Strong Acids

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  1. Strong Acids Ionize 100% in water : 100% HCl (aq) + H2O (l) H3O + (aq) + Cl - (aq) The following are strong acids: HCl (aq)HI (aq) HBr (aq) HNO3(aq) H2SO4(aq)HClO4(aq) All other acids are weak. CH3COOH (aq) + H2O (l) H3O +(aq) + CH3COO - (aq)

  2. How Can we Distinguish a Strong Acid From a Weak Acid? Strong acids produce more hydronium ions when they ionize. Therefore: 1. Strong acids are strong electrolytes, weak acids are weak electrolytes. 2. Strong acids are more reactive than weak acids. 3. Strong acids have a lower pH than weak acids.

  3. Strong Bases Dissociate completely when they dissolve in water: 100% NaOH (s) Na +(aq) + OH –(aq) Hydroxides of Group 1 & 2 metals are strong bases: LiOH NaOH KOH RbOH CsOH Mg(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 Ba(OH)2 Sr(OH)2 All other bases are weak. NH3(g) + H2O (l) NH4 +(aq) + OH -(aq)

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