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Thoughts of the Privileged [J.P.] Morgan had escaped military service in the Civil War by paying $300 to a substitute. So did Rockefeller, Carnegie…and James Mellon. Mellon’s father had written to him that “a man may be a patriot without risking his life or the sacrifice of his health. There are plenty of lives less valuable.” -from A People’s History of the United States, by Howard Zinn
Lives Less Valuable • We will take a look at some of the “lives less valuable” today. • As you rotate, you will spend 8 minutes looking at and discussing the photo in your folder. • Fill in your analysis sheet as you view the photographs.
Lives Less Valuable • Answer the questions: • What do they fear? • What do they look forward to? • What do they feel they need to do?
13 Year Old Sharecropper Boy Near Americus, Georgia • After Civil War, Southern Recovery depended on getting blacks “back in the fields” • Families worked instead of “gangs” during slavery • At harvest time, landowners took part the value of the harvest + “expenses” Bad harvest = family goes hungry and/ or gets kicked out!
The Sweatshop Girl • Recent immigrants often converted small apartments into workshops that doubled as living quarters. • 11-16 hour days (work until the boss says you can quit) Shop owners notorious for finding fault with the finished garments and withholding payment
Factory Kids • It was not uncommon for children to work 12-14 hours with 1 hr. break. • paid a fraction of what an adult would get, and sometimes factory owners would get away with paying them nothing. • Accidents were very common and often brutal. Child laborer in a canning house (factory)
The Milltown Boys (and girls) • NC and SC Cotton mills employed 1,000s of kids • NC employment age was 13, but most mill bosses broke law without consequence. • Kids generally worked 60-8-hours per week. • “Child helpers as young as 6 brought parents’ meals and learned to work machines.
Lives Less Valuable • Which of the photos do you identify with most? • Questions: • What do you fear? • What do you look forward to? • What do you feel you have to do? • Answer as though you are in one of the photos!