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The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System. Chapter 9. Intro to the Endocrine System. Nervous vs Endocrine Systems Endrocrine’s role in the body is to communicate and coordinate organs and tissues. Nervous vs. Endocrine. Uses: Electrical charge Uses: hormones that travel in the blood

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The Endocrine System

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  1. The Endocrine System Chapter 9

  2. Intro to the Endocrine System • Nervous vs Endocrine Systems • Endrocrine’s role in the body is to communicate and coordinate organs and tissues

  3. Nervous vs. Endocrine Uses: Electrical charge Uses: hormones that travel in the blood Controls: muscles & Controls: tissues some glands (regulatory & homeostasis) Feedback: quick! Feedback: seconds  months

  4. The Makeup of Endocrine Glands The “Ductless” glands **Make hormones that are picked up and carried in the blood **made from cuboidal cells Endocrine glands (Use picture to label glands)

  5. Hormones: The Chemical Messenger of the Body Hormones & their Target cells **hormones travel in blood and lymph **hormones bind to target cells that have receptors for that specific hormone **How well a hormone finds and binds with its receptor depends on three factors

  6. Level of hormones in the blood **level too low = cells don’t make needed changes **level too high = cells work too hard and cause too much change • Number of receptors in/on the target cells **more receptors improves chances of hormone binding to it

  7. 3. Strength of the bond between receptor and hormone **shape of hormone must “fit” the shape of the receptor in order to initiate the “message” of the hormone --if a poor “fit” occurs, the action on the cell may not occur

  8. Hormones Types • Type of hormone determines how the message can be delivered to the cell • Amino Acid Based hormones **proteins = too large to diffuse right through cell membrane • Steroid Hormones ** made of cholesterol = move easily through cell membrane

  9. Four Actions that Hormones Can Cause on Target Cell • Change the permeability of the cell membrane • Increase or decrease the synthesis of protein for repair/healing or the making of regulatory molecules (hormones) • Increase or decrease enzyme activity • Increase or decrease secretory activity

  10. Control of Hormone Release  Three mechanisms for hormone release • Hormonal Stimulation (hormones stimulate the release of other hormones) • Humoral Stimulation: hormones are releases/inhibited in response to a specific level of hormone, electrolyte, water and/or sugar level in the blood • Neural Stimulation: The release of a hormone when a motor neuron stimulates the gland. (fastest but least used)

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