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Geography & Economics of Ancient Egypt

Geography & Economics of Ancient Egypt. Carol Chatman. The Nile River. River civilizations in the ancient world. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dm8945K4dH0. The Nile River Facts. The Nile River is the primary river in Egypt and the longest river in the world (4184 miles).

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Geography & Economics of Ancient Egypt

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  1. Geography & Economics of Ancient Egypt Carol Chatman

  2. The Nile River • River civilizations in the ancient world. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dm8945K4dH0

  3. The Nile RiverFacts • The Nile River is the primary river in Egypt and the longest river in the world (4184 miles). • While the Nile River is often associated with Egypt, it actually touches Ethiopia, Zaire, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and Sudan, and flows past Cairo, Khartoum, Gondokoro, Aswan, Karnak, Thebes and the town of Alexandria. • Hapi is the male deity with strong female characteristics represented the fertility and vitality of the Nile River. • The major god most closely connected with the Nile was Osiris.

  4. The Nile RiverFacts • The word 'Nile' is not ancient Egyptian. it comes from the Greek “neilos”, which means valley. The Nile flooded every year between June and September , in a season the Egyptians called akhet – the inundation. • The Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea. • The largest source of the Nile is Lake Victoria. • The Ancient Egyptians called the river Ar or Aur (black) because of the color of the sediment left after the river’s annual flood.

  5. The Nile RiverFarming • The Nile is fed by two main river systems. • In each August the climate of Egypt is at its hottest and driest. After two months the water recede leaving a dark grey muddy deposit of fertile soil on the land. When this happens the soil is perfect for farming and needs little help from irrigation. • There is no threat of the soil becoming unfertile because each year the soil is ‘miraculously” renewed by the flood. • Between 5000 and 4000 BCE permanent settlements of full time farmers became established in the valley of the Nile. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oE2YZZgZWdE

  6. The Nile RiverGovernment • By 35000 BCE those north of the first cataract had merged into two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt, in doing so founded what was to become the first “Dynasty” Of Ancient Egypt. • The rulers of the early farming communities are thought to have been religious leaders, “rainmakers” and controllers of the “flood”. • The majority of the population of Egyptians was made up of peasant farmers, who were taxed according to the annual level of the Nile at the height of its flood. • Around 2200 BCE the Old Kingdom was brought to an end when the Sahara rapidly dried out.

  7. The Nile RiverTrade • The main exports of Ancient Egypt were grain from the Nile valley and gold from the Nubian mountains. • Ebony, Ivory, and Ostrich feathers were imported from the Nubian interior to the south. • Timber was an important raw material, it was imported from Byblos in Palestine. • Also imported were luxury imports from western Asia including spices, incense, and precious stones.

  8. Gold Ostrich Feathers Ivory Ebony

  9. The Nile RiverOsiris and Seth • Osiris and Seth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1d1It74kOG0 • Fertility of the Nile http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oE2YZZgZWdE

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