Oregon Seed Council’s USDA Foreign Agricultural Service Market Access Program Project

1. Project Briefing Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA Foreign Agricultural ServiceMarket Access Program Project January, 2002 Update

2. Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Oregon Seed Council http://forages.orst.edu/organizations/seed/osc/ Industry-wide trade association comprised of: • Seed growers • Seed marketing firms • Brokers • OSU research & extension faculty • ODA staff Formed in the early 1960's to inform and coordinate activities of producers and marketers on issues of general interest to the grass seed industry.

3. Market Access Program (MAP) uses funds from USDA Commodity Credit Corporation to help promotional activities for U.S. agricultural products involving: Producers Exporters Private companies, and Other trade organizations Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project USDA FAS MAP

4. Market development is an important OSC activity. OSC’s initial proposal was submitted to the USDA FAS MAP in 1992, targeting Chile, Mexico, and China. A proposal has been submitted yearly for continued funding. Oregon seed commissions provide essential matching funds. Long range goal is to increase demand for U.S. turf, forage, and soil conservation crop seeds. Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Project Development

5. Identify and establish relationships with key groups recommending turf, forage, and soil conservation management practices. Develop in-country information sources using seed of improved varieties and best management practices. Develop a program to provide technical publications to inform and educate consumers and provide generic advertising to attract customers. Develop linkages with U.S. market sources. Address non-tariff barriers that restrict seed trade. Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Project Activities

6. Subcommittee Chair: George Pugh Subcommittee Secretary: Dave Nelson Activity Coordinator: Harold Youngberg Latin America Coordinator (Chile and Mexico): Don Herb China Coordinator: Randy Waldie Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project OSC MAP Program Organization

7. Began: 1993 Objectives: Promote US forage varieties Activities: Demonstrations, publications, advertisements Results: Limited due to currency exchange rates Recommendations: Program discontinued in 2001 Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Country Programs: Chile

8. Began: 1993 Objectives: Promote greater use of forage grasses in dairy production Activities: Experiments, publications, field days, trade shows, ads in livestock journals Results: Greater acceptance of forage grasses by dairymen Recommendations: Promote grass as a higher profit forage alternative Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Country Programs: Mexico

9. Began: 1993 Objectives: Promote grass for forage, turf and erosion control Activities: Technology transfer, training Results: Significant increase in use of grasses for turf Recommendations: Expand program to other provinces Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Country Programs: China

10. 1979-80: ODA Economic Development Unit initial contacts 1982: Oregon team established contacts for variety trials 1985: Forage variety trials supported by ASTA and USDA FAS 1986: 89 entries planted at CAAS-IAS, Beijing 1987: Forage workshop at BAU sponsored by USDA and ASTA 1987-88: Plots established at 5 additional locations 1993: Oregon teams visited China 1995: Formal agreement with CAAS-IAS for regional forage trials 1996: Turf variety demonstrations established at CAU, Beijing 1997: CNTVT trials established at 11 locations Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project China – Historical Timeline

17. Establishing “Centers of Excellence” Research and Outreach Activities Training of local technicians Developing Chinese language publications Conducting training in USA to develop local expertise Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project China – Current Programs

18. China Agricultural University Nanjing Agricultural University Shandong Agricultural University Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project “Centers of Excellence”

19. China Agricultural University Green Environmental Center Turfgrass Programs CNTVT demonstration area (tours, training) Interdisciplinary research group Training of turfgrass managers and municipal landscape design professionals Chinese Turfgrass Society linkage Co-author of national turf textbook Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project “Centers of Excellence” HU Lin

20. Nanjing Agricultural University Grassland Science and Extension Center Turfgrass Programs CNTVT demonstration area (tours, training) Training of turfgrass managers Co-author of national turf textbook Forage Programs Applied research projects Training Provincial forage technicians Soil Conservation Programs Riverbank protection and multiple use Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project “Centers of Excellence” JIANG Haidong

21. Shandong Agricultural University Turfgrass Science Center Turfgrass Programs CNTVT demonstration area (tours, training) Training of turfgrass managers Co-author of national turf textbook Lead PRC cooperator for web-based information system Forage Programs (to be instituted in 2002) University forage course Training provincial forage technicians Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project “Centers of Excellence” ZHANG Zhiguo

22. 2. Support applied research activities Forage, turf, and erosion control China Agricultural University Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (IAS) Nanjing Agricultural University Jiangsu Agricultural Academy of Science Shandong Agricultural University Wuhan Soil & Water Conservation Bureau Yunnan Grass Fodder Station YiChang Municipality Taxin Muncipality Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project China – Current Programs

23. 3. Conduct workshops and seminars using local cooperators Provincial and national scope Yunnan Province forage workshop (2001) Turfgrass management programs (CAU, NAU, SDAU) (annual) USA-PRC Grassland Sustainability Workshop (2002) Shandong, Jiangsu, Yunnan provinces forage workshops (2002) Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project China – Current Programs

24. Develop Chinese language publications Forage management guides for cool season grasses Turf management circular for southern China Southern Forages textbook translation Turfgrass Management textbook for university instruction Cool season grass descriptive brochures Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project China – Current Programs

25. To develop research-based and validated tools for optimal matching of forage crops with production areas and land manager needs. [Optimal matching will result in reduced risk, increased potential for profitable alternatives, and reduced use of non-renewable resources.] Optimal Forage Species SelectionUsing GIS Mapping Technologies Forage Species Project Objective

26. Only center in the world dedicated solely to climate mapping Map products are the most consistently detailed, accurate, and comprehensive; because Map products closely reflect the current state of knowledge Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project Spatial Climate Analysis Service

27. PRISM: Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model - Knowledge-based system using point data, digital elevation model, & other spatial data sets Generates gridded estimates of climatic parameters (such as precipitation & temperature) Accounts for rain shadows, temperature inversions, coastal effects Oregon Seed Council’sUSDA FAS MAP Project PRISM Climate Maps

28. PRC Climate Station Map ~2600 precipitation stations ~2450 temperature stations

29. Digital Elevation Map

37. Digital spatial soil data used in these maps were obtained from the CAAS Soil & Fertilizer Institute Data were originally gathered in 1979-1994 national soil survey Soil survey results published in 1995 as a topographical map Using original paper map and a national coordinate system, CAAS SFI digitized the soil data into GIS polygons Optimal Forage Species SelectionUsing GIS Mapping Technologies Soil Maps

38. People’s Republic of China: Soil pH

39. People’s Republic of China: Soil Drainage

40. People’s Republic of China: Soil Texture

41. Yunnan Province: Soil pH

42. Yunnan Province: Soil Drainage

43. Yunnan Province: Soil Texture

44. Optimal Forage Species SelectionUsing GIS Mapping Technologies Species Adaptation Mapping Concepts • Environmental factors affect forage species’ adaptation • Critical environmental factors are climate and soil characteristics • Species tolerances to factors should be defined quantitatively • Quantitative values then applied to climate & soil GIS layers • Final adaptation maps should estimate potential yield

45. Mapping Criteria: Climate Species Adaptation Tolerances to Climatic Factors

50. Mapping Criteria: Soils Species Adaptation Tolerances to Soil pH