Motivation

1. Motivation By Samuel Robles Victor Rodriguez

2. What is the role of hunger in motivating behavior?

3. Biological Motivation • The stomach contraction theory which states that we know we are hungry when our stomach contracts • Glucose theory states that we feel hungry when our blood glucose level is low • Insulin theory states that we feel hungry when our insulin level increases suddenly in our bodies However, this theory seems to indicate that we have to eat to increase our insulin level in order to feel hungry. • Fatty acid theory states that our bodies have receptors that detect an increase in the level of fatty acid. Activation of the receptor for fatty acid triggers hunger • Heat-Production theory suggested states that we feel hungry when our body temperature drops, and when it rises, the hunger decreases

4. Hunger and Eating Based on Learning • Hunger is also triggered by learned behavior • Humans use an external clock in our daily routine, including when to sleep and when to eat. • Each person has a different time where they eat for many at 12 pm is lunch time and they feel hungry just because of the time • The smell, taste, or texture of food also triggers hunger. • An example of this is if you like Hamburgers the smell of someone making hamburgers might trigger your hunger • This preference of taste, smell, or texture comes from the culture around you • People also feel hungry for a particular taste some of these tastes being • sweet • sour • salty

5. Hunger and Eating Based on Cognition • Colors also contribute to hunger. • Looking at a yellow banana makes one to want to eat it, but a brown banana does not. Similarly, red or green can trigger hunger for an apple, but not blue. Since It is hard to find a natural food with blue color, blue is said to be an appetite suppressant. • Many people eat foods based on their knowledge of what foods are healthy for them. • Low fat, low sugar, and low sodium food are said to be healthy so they will choose to eat these foods based on this knowledge they have

6. Mind and Body Connection of Hunger • Hunger motivation is not only based on physiological factors , but psychological ones as well. • There are two kinds of hungers • Physiological • Psychological • Eating disorders and obesity can occur because we mistakenly keep tying to satisfy our psychological hunger by eating food. Until we realize that we need to feed our mind with something, rather than eating, we can not feel satisfied

7. How does emotion affect your learning?

8. What are emotions? • Emotions are often thought of as irrational or “nonintellectual” feelings that are beyond our control. • They are also known as complex states of mind and body, consisting of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive reactions to situations that can be managed and directed

9. How it affects Learning? • Our emotions have the potential to influence our thinking and learning in several ways including • Limiting the capacity to balance emotional issues with schoolwork • Creating anxiety specifically about schoolwork • Triggering emotional responses to classroom events

10. Limiting the capacity to balance emotional issues with schoolwork • First off when our emotions are heightened we use up our intellectual resources • Students who have their minds full of sad and distracting memories they’re ability to learn will not be at a high level • If students are trying to deal with the emotions of these memories their attention is being taken away from learning

11. Creating anxiety specifically about schoolwork • Second when a student becomes anxious and stressed about schoolwork his or her learning is affected • When a student is stressed or anxious about school work he or she feels incompetent academically to the rest of the class • When this happens students begin to stop trying in classroom activities and eventually in school in general in order to avoid looking dumb to the rest of the class

12. Triggering emotional responses to classroom events • Students can become angry and depressed at a classroom event which affects their learning • With a bad grade or a negative comment by a teacher, the student can react in a way that hurts his learning • If a student fails a test he can become angry and blame the teacher for putting difficult and unfair questions on the test and concluding that he or she is doomed to pass the class

13. Why is intrinsic motivation more beneficial than extrinsic motivation?

14. Intrinsic Motivation Malone and Lepper (1987) have defined intrinsic motivation more simply in terms of what people will do without external inducement. Intrinsically motivating activities are those in which people will engage for no reward other than the interest and enjoyment that accompanies them. Malone and Lepper have integrated a large amount of research on motivational theory into a synthesis of ways to design environments that are intrinsically motivating.

15. The factors that promote intrinsic motivation

16. Most of the activities in which teachers, students, and other human beings engage are most directly influenced by extrinsic rather than intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic Motivation

17. Extrinsic Motivation • Society may be drawn to extrinsic motivation because it rewards. For example money

18. Problems with Extrinsic Motivation • Opponents of extrinsic rewards argue that they undermine learning by bribing or coercing desired behaviors from people. In their view, pursuit of learning or knowledge is properly motivated by enjoyment or curiosity rather than by recognition, reward, or fear of negative consequences.

19. The benefits of Intrinsic Motivation • Intrinsic motivation brings us competition and the strength to surpass obstacles and meet our goals. Also the motive to do good deeds and help one and another.

20. The benefits of Extrinsic Motivation • Extrinsic Motivation pushes us to a greater extent than Intrinsic for the reason it motivates us to receive rewards. Sometimes the job or motive to receive the reward can be tougher than a simple favor.

21. Intrinsic to be More Beneficial • The reason Intrinsic motivation would be more beneficial is for the reason it brings the right of mankind. Although Extrinsic motivation can motivate us to do a challenge for a reward such as money can seem as a good thing; however Extrinsic motivation can lead to serious problems. Such as the motive can be a negative action although their may be a high reward.

22. Citation • Sylwester, Robert ."Membership." Educational Leadership:Reporting What Students Are Learning:How Emotions Affect Learning., Oct. 1994. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/oct94/vol52/num02/How-Emotions-Affect-Learning.aspx • "Motivation Hunger." Motivation Hunger. Westmont Psychology, Web. 24 Feb. 2014. http://www.westmont.edu/~bsmith/general/lectureoutlines/11motivation/hunger.html • “Intrinsic Motivation”.PPT ccsu.edu, Web. 24 Feb. 2014 www.psychology.ccsu.edu/engwall/Intrinsic%2520and%2520Extrinsic%2520Motivation.ppt+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us • Ostling, Robert. “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation” PPT. caltech.edu, Web. 24 Feb. 2014 www.hss.caltech.edu/~camerer/SS200/Presentation.ppt+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us • “PowerPoint Presentation”. utep.edu, Web 24 Feb 2014 academics.utep.edu/LinkClick.aspx%3Flink%3DFaculty%2BPages%252FCrites%252FHunger.ppt%26tabid%3D31975%26mid%3D67035+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us