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WWI- THE GREAT WAR (1914-1918) CH. 13.1 – MARCHING TOWARD WAR

WWI- THE GREAT WAR (1914-1918) CH. 13.1 – MARCHING TOWARD WAR. MARCHING TOWARD WAR. In Europe, ( 1 ) Military buildup, ( 2 ) Nationalistic feelings, and ( 3 ) Rival alliances set the stage for a continental war. RISING TENSIONS IN EUROPE. The Rise of Nationalism

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WWI- THE GREAT WAR (1914-1918) CH. 13.1 – MARCHING TOWARD WAR

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  1. WWI- THE GREAT WAR (1914-1918) CH. 13.1 – MARCHING TOWARD WAR

  2. MARCHING TOWARD WAR In Europe, (1) Military buildup, (2) Nationalistic feelings, and (3) Rival alliances set the stage for a continental war.

  3. RISING TENSIONS IN EUROPE • The Rise of Nationalism • ·Europe enjoys peace in late 1800s but problems lie below the surface • ·Growing nationalism leads to competition among nations • ·Nationalism in the Balkans leads many groups to demand independence • Imperialism • ·Competition for colonies stirs mistrust among European nations • ·Mutual animosity spurs European countries to engage in arms race • Militarism • ·Militarism—policy of glorifying military power, preparing army

  4. TANGLED ALLIANCES • Bismarck Forges Early Pacts • Germany’s Otto von Bismarck works to keep peace in Europe after 1871 • Believes France wants revenge for loss in 1870 Franco-Prussian War • Seeks to isolate the French with a series of treaties and alliances: • signs treaty with Russia in 1881 • forms Triple Alliance—Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy—in 1882

  5. TANGLED ALLIANCES • Shifting Alliances Threaten Peace • Kaiser Wilhelm II becomes German ruler in 1888 • Foreign policy changes begin in 1890 with dismissal of Bismarck • Alliance with Russia dropped; Russia then allies with France • Effort to strengthen German navy, which alarms Britain • Britain, France, Russia form Triple Entente alliance in 1907

  6. Bismarck Forges Early Pacts • ·Germany’s Otto von Bismarck works to keep peace in Europe after 1871 [Visual] • ·Believes France wants revenge for loss in 1870 Franco-Prussian War • ·Seeks to isolate the French with a series of treaties and alliances: • ··signs treaty with Russia in 1881 • ··forms Triple Alliance—Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy—in 1882

  7. CRISIS IN THE BALKANS • A Restless Region • Many groups in Balkans win independence during early 1900s • New nation of Serbia made up largely of Slavs • Austria-Hungary annexes Slavic region—Bosnia and Herzegovina (1908) • Serbia outraged, sees itself as rightful ruler of these Slavic lands

  8. CRISIS IN THE BALKANS • A Shot Rings Throughout Europe • Serbian rebel kills Austro-Hungarian royal official in June 1914 • Austria declares war on Serbia; Russia comes to aid of Serbia

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