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Computer Startup: Understanding the Power-Up Process

Learn about the intricate process of computer startup, from electricity warming up components to BIOS running POST and CMOS checks. Explore the role of the system bus, RAM testing, and OS initialization, including multiple operating systems.

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Computer Startup: Understanding the Power-Up Process

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Computer Startup

  2. Power • Electricity Warms up components • And heads to the CPU

  3. BIOS • Basic Input / Output System chip with it’s programs called. • BIOS runsPOST

  4. CMOS • The CMOS Chip contains the most fundamental information, like basic computer components setup and the date • That is why it needs a battery • CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

  5. POST • Power On Self Test • You may hear some drives or other actions as your computer is being tested • More than one beeps indicates a problem with the tested hardware • In some BIOS two beeps is OK

  6. POST • Power On Self Test

  7. POST • BIOS compares memory records with the CPU to ensure they are running right

  8. Bios Actions • Load Device Drivers • Load Interrupt Handlers • For: • Keyboard • Mouse • Hard Drive • Floppy Drive • Etc.

  9. The System Timer is Checked To ensure proper pacing Above – the worlds most flexible clock

  10. Check System Bus • BIOS has CPU Check System Bus to ensure all components are functioning. • From Webopedia.com: • system bus • The bus that connects the CPU to main memory on the motherboard. I/O buses, which connect the CPU with the systems other components, branch off of the system bus. • The system bus is also called the frontside bus, memory bus, local bus, or host bus.

  11. POST tests memory and video

  12. Option to run BIOS • F2 or DEL

  13. Why? • Some settings may need to be set • Hard Drives • You may need to change the boot order • Hard Drive • CD • Write down key settings before changing them!

  14. Cold Boot or Warm Boot • The computer had stored a value in memory to indicate if the computer was simply restarted with a “warm boot”. • Warm boot – BIOS is done. • Cold boot – Continuing…

  15. RAM Test • All Ram Written and Read

  16. All Drives Tested (above are just some useful images of disks and connections)

  17. Operating System Started • This process is the Boot. • BIOS Transfers control to the OS • Can have multiple Operating Systems – Including more than one • Windows • Linux • Etc • OS is on the Hard Drive

  18. Windows Starts • Hardware Gets Recognized by Windows

  19. Further Initialization • Plug and Play • Drivers for PCI (and ISA) • Disk Drives fully initialized • Video Drivers Loaded • Services Added, such as disk defrag and partition

  20. Logon

  21. There you go!

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