Enzymes

1. Enzymes Unit 2

2. + What is an enzyme? • An enzyme is a special protein

3. What are they made of? • Enzymes are made of amino acids (just like proteins!!!)

4. The lock and key model

5. What do they do? • Enzymes start or speed up the rate of a chemical reaction.

6. Ea without enzyme Ea with enzyme energy (kJ) reaction (time) How do they do that? • Enzymes lower the activation energy • They make it easier for the reaction to start like lowering a hurdle

7. What is a chemical reaction? • A chemical reaction is where atoms are rearranged into a different order • Reactants go into the reaction (left) • Products come out of the reaction (right) Reactant 1 + Reactant 2 Product

8. + + enzyme enzyme ↔ enzyme-reactant complex ↔ + + reactant products How do they help with a chemical reaction? • Enzymes match up to a single partner like a lock and a key • We say they are specific ↔ ↔

9. What happens when they are done helping with the reaction? • After enzymes help start or speed up the chemical reaction they wait around to help with another reaction • We say they are reusable

10. What hurts enzymes? • Enzymes do not like changes in temperature.

11. What hurts enzymes? • Enzymes do not like changes in pH.

12. heat pH normal denatured What happens to an enzyme when temperature or pH changes? • Enzymes denature (lose their shape, die) in extreme temperatures or pH.