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CADENCES!

CADENCES!. They’re not always perfect. What is a cadence?. A musical cadence signifies a few things: They can signal the end of a phrase They are meant to show a conclusion or break Most typically cadences deal with the progression V-I Authentic Cadences

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CADENCES!

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  1. CADENCES! They’re not always perfect

  2. What is a cadence? • A musical cadence signifies a few things: • They can signal the end of a phrase • They are meant to show a conclusion or break • Most typically cadences deal with the progression V-I • Authentic Cadences • An authentic cadence is any cadence that involves the progression V-I in any inversion

  3. Types of Cadences The Perfect Authentic Cadence The Imperfect Authentic Cadence The Half Cadence

  4. Perfect Authentic Cadence • Authentic • V-I progression • Perfect • When a cadence is “perfect,” the chords are in their strongest position: root position. • Also, to be “perfect” the soprano must end on scale degree one. • A perfect authentic cadence in C major would end with a C in the soprano and a C in the bass.

  5. Perfect Authentic Cadence Ends with scale degree 1 in the soprano All chords are root position

  6. Imperfect Authentic Cadence • Authentic • V-I progression • Imperfect • Either the V or I/i chord (or both!) are in some sort of inversion. • Soprano lands on scale degree 3 or 5. It can land on scale degree 1, but if the tonic chord or the dominant chord before it are in an inversion it is still an IAC.

  7. Imperfect Authentic Cadence Ex. 1 Soprano moves from scale degree 2 to 3 Chords are still in root position

  8. Imperfect Authentic Cadence Ex. 2 Soprano DOES end on scale degree 1 HOWEVER… … the V chord is in 1st inversion, therefore making this chord progression an IAC

  9. Half Cadence • An inconclusive cadence that ends on V • The phrase ends on the dominant chord • Authentic cadences are only identified by their final chord. There are many chords that could precede the V chord. • Typically end on a root position V chord and often feature scale degree 2 in the soprano • Where will we find an example of a half cadence, you ask?

  10. HALF CADENCESNOW WITH CONTEXT!

  11. IN REVIEW • Perfect Authentic Cadence (PAC) • Soprano ends on scale degree 1 • Both chords are root position • Imperfect Authentic Cadence (IAC) • Determined by EITHER ONE of these things occurring: • Soprano ends on a scale degree other than 1 • The tonic or dominant chords are not in root position • Half Cadence (HC) • Phrase ends on the V chord • Acts as a “musical comma”

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