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FINGERPRINTS

FINGERPRINTS. History of Fingerprints. HISTORY OF FINGERPRINTING. Chinese used fingerprints to sign legal documents as far back as three thousand years ago

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FINGERPRINTS

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  1. FINGERPRINTS

  2. History of Fingerprints

  3. HISTORY OF FINGERPRINTING • Chinese used fingerprints to sign legal documents as far back as three thousand years ago • William Herschel, an English civil servant (India), required natives to sign contracts with an imprint of their right hand – Hindu custom?

  4. HISTORY OF FINGERPRINTING • The first systematic attempt at personal identification was devised and introduced by the French police expert, Alphonse Bertillon, in 1883.

  5. Bertillon’s System Relied on: • Portraite Parlé – Detailed description of the individual • Full length and profile photographs • Anthropometry – A system of precise body measurements

  6. ANTHROPOMETRY • A method of identification • Based upon the premise that the dimensions of the human skeletal system remained fixed from age 20 until death • Eleven (11) measurements taken - to include height, width of head & length of left foot

  7. HENRY BERTILLON AND A BERTILLON MEASUREMENT (Courtesy Library of Congress) (Courtesy Jacques Ganthial)

  8. Example of Bertillon Measurements

  9. FRANCIS GALTON • In 1892, published the classic work Finger Prints • In this book he discussed the anatomy of fingerprints and suggested methods for recording them • Proposed three pattern types: loops, whorls and arches

  10. FRANCISGALTON • No two prints are identical • An individual’s prints remain unchanged from one year to the next

  11. Arches • Plain arch • Tented arch

  12. Loops Right loop left loop

  13. Whorls • Plain whorl • Central pocket loop whorl

  14. Whorls Double loop Whorl Accidental whorl Double loop whorls

  15. 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF FINGERPRINTS • ALL FINGERPRINTS ARE UNIQUE • FINGERPRINTS DO NOT CHANGE OVER TIME • FINGERPRINTS FORM PATTERNS THAT CAN BE CLASSIFIED- THESE PATTERNS ARE CALLED LOOPS, WHORLS OR ARCHES

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