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Magnetism

Magnetism. Magnetism force of attraction or repulsion between unlike or like poles due to the arrangement of electrons closely related to electricity. Magnetic Poles. Magnetic Poles like poles repel. unlike poles attract. a broken magnet creates new poles. Magnetic Field.

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Magnetism

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  1. Magnetism • Magnetism • force of attraction or repulsion between unlike or like poles • due to the arrangement of electrons • closely related to electricity

  2. Magnetic Poles • Magnetic Poles • like poles repel • unlike poles attract • a broken magnet creates new poles

  3. Magnetic Field • Magnetic Field • area around a magnet where magnetic forces act • field lines show direction of field (NS)

  4. Magnetic Domain • Magnetic Domain • groups of atoms with aligned magnetic poles domain • in a magnetized object, domains are all aligned

  5. Electromagnet • Electromagnet • strong, temporary magnet formed when current is passed through a coil of wire surrounding an iron core • acts like a bar magnet when current is on

  6. Speaker • Speaker • electrical energy  mechanical energy • wire coil moves back & forth as its magnetic field interacts with the field of a fixed magnet • forced vibration causes the cone to move  sound

  7. Motor • Motor • electrical energy  mechanical energy • electromagnet rotates between the poles of a fixed magnet • commutator reverses the poles of the e’magnet

  8. armature & commutator assembled motor brushes & wires to battery field magnet Motor

  9. Coil Dynamic Microphone Electromagnetic Induction • Electromagnetic Induction • producing a current by moving a wire through a magnetic field • some microphones work just like mini-speakers in reverse • sound waves cause coil to move  current

  10. GENERATOR MOTOR Electric Generator • Electric Generator • mechanical energy  electrical energy • armature is rotated between magnet poles • magnetic field induces a current in the wire coil

  11. Electric Generator • Hydroelectric Dam • PE of lake water is converted to KE • mechanical KE turns the generator shaft which creates electrical energy

  12. DC & AC • Direct Current (DC) • current flows in one direction • dry cells • Alternating Current (AC) • current reverses its direction at regular intervals • electrical outlets

  13. Transformer • Transformer • increases or decreases AC voltage • primary coil AC produces a magnetic field that induces AC in the secondary coil • voltage ratio = ratio of turns in each coil

  14. Transformer • Step-up Transformer • increases the voltage • more turns • power plants • Step-down Transformer • decreases the voltage • fewer turns • household appliances (hairdryers, etc.)

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