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Unix Editors

Unix Editors. Speaker: Li-Wen Chen Date: 2010-07-07. Introduction. line-oriented editor ed ex screen oriented editor ee vi - a screen-based editor used by many Unix users. vi m - Vi IMproved. ed. Starting the ed Editor $ ed [ filename ] [ ] means it is optional

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Unix Editors

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  1. Unix Editors Speaker: Li-Wen Chen Date: 2010-07-07

  2. Introduction • line-oriented editor • ed • ex • screen oriented editor • ee • vi - a screen-based editor used by many Unix users. • vim - Vi IMproved

  3. ed • Starting the ed Editor • $ ed [ filename ] • [ ] means it is optional • After entering, ed is in command mode. • command mode • allows the entry of commands to manipulate text • a– (append) go to input mode • input mode • puts anything typed on the keyboard into the current file • .– terminate input mode • Commands about quit ed • w– write (save file) • q - quit

  4. Other ed commands • a – append after the specified line • i– insert before the specified line • c – change the specified line • .– the current line • ,or%- the first line • $- the last line • l – list (print, display) • d– delete • u – undo enter the character, and then enter input mode

  5. vi • Starting the VI Editor • $ vi [ filename ] • After entering • command mode • allows the entry of commands to manipulate text • i – (insert) go to insert mode • insert mode • puts anything typed on the keyboard into the current file • Esc – go to command mode • Commands about quit vi • :q – quit the vi editor • :w – write (save file) • :wq orZZ – write and quit • :q! – force vi to quit

  6. Inserting New Text • I – insert from the beginning of the current line • A – append at the end of the current line • a – append after the current cursor position • i – insert before the current cursor position • O – create a new line above the current cursor position • o – create a new line below the current cursor position • Type these characters, and then enter insert mode.

  7. Type Commands • [count] command • command – most commands are one character long • count – a number, any character from 1 to 9 • Ex: 10x • x – delete a characters under the cursor • 10x – delete 10 characters at a time

  8. Moving the Cursor • k - ↑, move the cursor up one line. • j - ↓, move the cursor down one line. • h - ←, move the cursor to the left one character position. • l - →, move the cursor to the right one character position. • ^ - Move the cursor to the first non-whitespace character. • $ - Move the cursor to the end of the current line. • % - Move the cursor to the matching parenthesis or brace.

  9. Moving the Cursor (cont.) • ctrl F • Scroll forwards one page. A count scrolls that many pages. • ctrl B • Scroll backwards one page. A count scrolls that many pages. • ctrl D • Scroll forwards half a window. A count scrolls that many lines. • ctrl U • Scroll backwards half a window. A count scrolls that many lines. • G - Go to the line number specified as the count. If no count is given, then go to the end of the file. • gg - go to the beginning of the file

  10. Edit • r -replace one character under the cursor. • x - delete character under the cursor. • ~ - Switch the case of the character under the cursor. • u - undo the last change to the file. • d^ - delete from current cursor position to the beginning of the line. • d$ - delete from current cursor position to the end of the line. • dw - delete from current cursor position to the end of the word. • 3dd - delete three lines from current cursor position downwards. • y (copy) and p (paste) are similar to d.

  11. Search and Replace • / - Search the file downwards for the string specified after the /. • ? - Search the file upwards for the string specified after the ?. • n - Repeat the last search given by '/' or '?' • N - Repeat the last search given by '/' or '?‘, but in opposite direction • < > • For example: /\<the\> should find only word the, but not words like these: there and other. • :s • . – current position • $ - the last line • for example: • :1,$ s/buffer/BUF/ from first line to last line • :.,$ s/money/Money/g from current line to last line

  12. Other useful vi commands • << • Shifts the current line to the left by one shift width. • >> • Shifts the current line to the right by one shift width. • :set autoindent or :set ai. • To unset it, you can type :set noautoindent or :set noai • :set nu • :set nonu

  13. Exercise • 打開vi editor, 輸入15行:Today is a good day. • 下面的動作全部在command mode完成: • yy是複製游標所在的一整行，要怎麼只複製從”a”這個單字之後的文字? (see p.10) • 第一行從good開始改成全部大寫 • 把第5到第10行向右縮排(用法可參考:s, p.11) • 11行到最後一行，最後一個單字day替換成Wednesday.

  14. Reference • $man ed • Mastering the VI editor

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