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CAN WE TURN A PHONE IN TO A SATELLITE? Android Open 2011 San Francisco,10th Oct. 2011. Why Phone Based Satellite?. Status quo: Typical satellite costs: $500m ‘ Low Cost ’ satellites: $10m But… All key capabilities of a satellite are in a phone
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CAN WE TURN A PHONE IN TO A SATELLITE? Android Open 2011 San Francisco,10th Oct. 2011
Why Phone Based Satellite? Status quo: • Typical satellite costs: $500m • ‘Low Cost’ satellites: $10m But… • All key capabilities of a satellite are in a phone • A cell phone based satellite costs ~$5k in parts • Launch for a 1U = $50-70k • With a 100x reduction in cost, could there be a vast array of new potential applications? Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Technology Satellite SmartPhone Computer system Processor / Memory / Power system Battery / Solar Arrays X Structure Strong frame / ADCS Accelerometers / Rate Gyros / Magnetometers / Sun sensor ? GPS / Reaction Wheels X MagnetorquersX Communications Radio / Payload Camera / Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
PhoneSat 1: System Architecture • Spacecraft 1.0 • Concept A • With UHF radio • & Hardware battery override • & Watchdog/Lazerus Phone (Nexus One) VHF/UHF Radio 144/440 MHz Watchdog/ Lazerus (Arduino) Legend RBF and Deploy. Switches (Custom PCB) Core Likely Core Monopole Antenna Extra Battery Bank (12 x 18650 3.7V cells, 2800 mAh) Power Data
Phone software overview Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA • Android 2.1 Operating System • Help from several Googlers on their 20% time: • Image compression algorithm • Serial data port • Open Source Project (HW and SW)
Space Qualification Testing Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Vacuum and Thermal Testing 10-3 torr -30° up to +40° Celsius 1 Gyroscope 1 Nexus One mobile phone 1 Motorola mobile phone 7/#
Rocket Launches Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Launches “Rocket Mavericks” • Flight 1: 23 July, 2010 • 70 km Altitude Rocket (but did not reach altitude) • Our payload: Nexus One • Flight 2: 24 July, 2010 • 10 km Altitude Rocket • Our Payload: 2 Nexus One, 1 IMU, Arduino, external Bluetooth Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Launch 1: high altitude; fail Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Launch 2: success • Planned for: • 70 km (18 sec burn) • 12-15 G Actual: • 9 km • 10 G (>1000 G on impact) Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA Rocket Details: 10 m tall 500 kg
Balloon Launches Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Next Steps • Launch 3x PhoneSat 1.0 in December • Taurus II --> 280x280km orbit • Duration 3 weeks • Launch Cost: $250k • Launch 1x PhoneSat 2.0 in June 2012 • Falcon 9/Dragon --> 450x300km orbit • Duration: 3-6 months • Cost: free through ELaNaprogramme Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
First Flight Requirements Minimalist requirements for first mission: Send 1 image taken by the phone to ground Parts cost shall not exceed $10,000 Work for >1 orbit Send minimum health data from phone to ground Schedule <3 months from ATP to flight readiness Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
And, what if sats cost $10k? Heliophysics Missions to space test hardwareSwarmed satellitesRemote Sensing?Personal Satellites?… Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Vision … Space as a software domain? Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA
Questions? SW REPOSITORY https://github.com/cboshuizen/AXCS QUESTIONS? William.marshall@nasa.gov Have ideas? Contact: william.s.marshall@nasa.gov, christopher.r.boshuizen@nasa.gov, rhickman@google.com