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What causes Total Internal Reflection?

What causes Total Internal Reflection?. Section 4.5 Lesson 12. If the turtle could look up what would it see?. What makes a diamond “sparkle”. Total Internal Reflection ….

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What causes Total Internal Reflection?

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  1. What causes Total Internal Reflection? Section 4.5 Lesson 12

  2. If the turtle could look up what would it see?

  3. What makes a diamond “sparkle”

  4. Total Internal Reflection … • … is the condition in which light cannot escape the medium because the angle of incidence is larger than the criticalangle. • So all the light stays in the medium • When the angle of refraction is greater than 90o, total internal reflection results.

  5. None of the light being reflected off the fish can make it past the surface of the water

  6. normal R air water r i Total Internal Reflection refracted ray incident ray reflected ray When light moves from a more dense to less dense medium it speeds up which increase the angle of refraction (compared to the angle of incidence)

  7. normal air water Total Internal Reflection refracted ray R r i incident ray reflected ray As the angle of incidence increases the angle of refraction continues to increase at a greater rate

  8. normal air water Total Internal Reflection refracted ray R r i incident ray reflected ray As the angle of incidence increases the angle of refraction continues to increase at a greater rate

  9. normal air water Total Internal Reflection refracted ray R i r incident ray reflected ray Eventually the angle of incidence reaches the criticalangle where the angle of refraction= 90o and all light is reflected internally

  10. normal air water Total Internal Reflection i r incident ray reflected ray At an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle all light is internally reflected, none escapes.

  11. Fibre Optics • Optical fibres are made of tiny glass fibre cores that are coated with a less dense material (called the cladding) • When light enters the core it is internally reflected

  12. Fibre Optics • The core and cladding are protected by more material (usually plastic) • Optical fibres are more efficient at carrying electrical signals that copper wire • Not affected by electrical storms • Carry signals over longer distances • Carry more signals that copper wire • Smaller and lighter (and glass is plentiful and cheap!)

  13. Notes • Complete the handout • 4.5 Refraction from more dense to less dense media and Total Internal Reflection • 4.5 Summary

  14. Vocabulary Journal • Add these terms and definitions • total internal reflection • critical angle

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