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Refraction and partial reflection. Most of the light is refracted. air. glass. Less than 42. Total internal reflection. This is total internal reflection. air. glass. More than 42. The critical case. This is the border line case. air. glass. Critical angle = 42 0. Optical fibre.
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Refraction and partial reflection Most of the light is refracted air glass Less than 42
Total internal reflection This is total internal reflection air glass More than 42
The critical case This is the border line case air glass Critical angle = 420
Optical fibre out Glass fibre in Repeated total internal reflection
Using T.I.R - endoscope • Optical fibres are used to examine the stomach and lungs • A fibre carries light into the stomach and illuminates it • A second fibre carries the light from the stomach to a camera • Internal examination can be made
Optical fibres for communication • Optical fibres carry signals in the form of light waves • Compared with copper wire • They can carry many different signals at the same time • There is less signal loss and less interference
Using T.I.R. – right angle prisms T.I.R. here since the angle of incidence = 45o > C (42o)
Periscopes This is used by cars towing caravans
