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HEREDITY , GROWTH AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

HEREDITY , GROWTH AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM. Lizzy Julianna Kenneth Norman. Heredity : The passing traits from parents to children . Environment : All the things that surround you everyday . Hormones : chemicals produce by glands that regulate many body functions

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HEREDITY , GROWTH AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

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  1. HEREDITY , GROWTH AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Lizzy Julianna Kenneth Norman

  2. Heredity : The passing traits from parents to children . • Environment : All the things that surround you everyday. • Hormones : chemicals produce by glands that regulate many body functions • Glands : Groups of specialized cells that produce hormones . Heredity

  3. HEREDITY FACTS • Your heredity is all the body characteristics you inherit from your parents, whether it is your mother’s black hair or your father’s knobbly knees. • Characteristics are passed on by the genes carried on your chromosomes. • The basic laws of heredity were discovered by the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel 150 years ago. • Your body characteristics are a mix of two sets of instructions — one from your mother’s chromosomes and the other from your father’s. • Each characteristic is the work of only one gene — either your mother’s or your father’s. This gene is said to be expressed.

  4. A gene that is not expressed does not vanish. Instead, it stays dormant (inactive) in your chromosomes, possibly to pass on to your children. • A gene that is always expressed is called a dominant gene. • A recessive gene is one that loses out to a dominant gene and stays dormant. • A recessive gene may be expressed when there is no competition — that is, when the genes from both of your parents arc recessive.

  5. Julianna : Has traits of mom and dad, but most are from dad. • Kenneth: Has more traits from mom. • Lizzy : Has traits of mom and dad . • Norman: Has more traits from mom.

  6. Growth • The Human Growth Foundation is a voluntary, non-profit organization whose mission is to help children, and adults with disorders of growth and growth hormone through research, education, support, and advocacy. The Foundation is dedicated to helping medical science to better understand the process of growth. It is composed of concerned parents and friends of children, and adults, with growth problems; physicians; and, other interested health professionals.

  7. . • One of the most important hormones secreted by the pituitary gland is HGH or human growth hormone. Human growth hormone stimulates the growth of muscles and bones and helps regulate metabolism, and influences sexual enjoyment. HGH can sharply increase the flow of sugar into muscle and fat, stimulate protein production in liver and muscle, and slow the production of fatty tissue. More prolonged effects of human growth hormone -- blocking the uptake and use of sugars, causing blood sugar levels to rise, and increasing the production of fat and fat levels in the blood -- seem to counteract its immediate positive effects. In many cases, human growth hormone appears to work by activating a number of growth factors, the most important of which is insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)

  8. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

  9. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM • Endocrine System: The bodily system that consists of the endocrine glands that release their secretions (hormones) into the bloodstream to reach and act on target cells of specificorgans.

  10. In general, the endocrine system is in charge of body processes that happen slowly, such as cell growth. Faster processes like breathing and body movement are controlled by the nervous system. But even though the nervous system and endocrine system are separate systems, they often work together to help the body function properly.

  11. Gland: an aggregation of cells specialized to secrete or excrete materials not related to their ordinary metabolic needs.

  12. Some types of glands release their secretions in specific areas. For instance, exocrine glands, such as the sweat and salivary glands, release secretions in the skin or inside of the mouth. • Endocrine glands, on the other hand, release more than 20 major hormones directly into the bloodstream where they can be transported to cells in other parts of the body.

  13. Hormone: A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.

  14. THE MAJOR GLANDS THAT MAKE UP THE HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM INCLUDE • Hypothalamus • Pituitary gland • Thyroid • Parathyroid • Adrenal glands • Pineal gland • Reproductive glands(which includes the ovaries and testes)

  15. PARTS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

  16. Thanks for your attention !!

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