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Biological Agents of Warfare

La Salle University October 2001. Biological Agents of Warfare. Agent. Bacillus anthracis (Gr+ rod). Inhalation anthrax. Signs/symptoms Fatality rate (untreated) Transmission. Fever, cold, hemorrhage, shock 90% Not person to person. Inhalation anthrax. Vaccine Treatment

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Biological Agents of Warfare

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  1. La Salle University October 2001 Biological Agents of Warfare

  2. Agent Bacillus anthracis (Gr+ rod) Inhalation anthrax

  3. Signs/symptoms Fatality rate(untreated) Transmission Fever, cold, hemorrhage, shock 90% Not person to person Inhalation anthrax

  4. Vaccine Treatment Production 93% effective; 6 doses required; available for at risk only Antibiotic (Cipro); effective ONLY if given before signs develop Difficult to produce fine powder; hardy spores Inhalation Anthrax

  5. Inhalation Anthrax Detection of anthrax with Tetracore’s BioThreat Alert (BTA) strip

  6. Inhalation Anthrax Results of BTA tests (15 minutes)

  7. Agent Signs/symptoms Fatality rate(untreated) Transmission Variola virus Fever, headache, backache, rash, skin lesions 30% highly infectious (aerosolized droplets) Smallpox

  8. Smallpox

  9. Vaccine Treatment Production Highly effective; little available; protection for only 10 years Supportive Little virus available;dangerous to handle Smallpox

  10. Agent Signs/symptoms Fatality rate(untreated) Transmission Franciscella tularensis (Gr- rod) Fever, pneumonia, systemic infection 10% Highly infectious (aerosolized droplets) Tularemia

  11. Vaccine Treatment Partially protective (experimental) Antibiotics effective Tularemia

  12. Agent Signs/symptoms Fatality rate(untreated) Transmission Yersinia pestis (Gr- rod) Fever, chills, cough (blood), septic shock 100% infectious (aerosolized droplets) Pneumonic Plague

  13. Vaccine Treatment not effective against pneumonic form of disease Antibiotics effective Pneumonic Plague

  14. Agent Signs/symptoms Fatality rate(untreated) Transmission Protein toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum (Gr+ rod) Blurred vision, slurred speech, paralysis, respiratory failure <15% Not person to person; contact of toxin with mucosa or by ingestion Botulinum toxin

  15. Vaccine Treatment Production Effective with 5 of 7 types; limited availability Antitoxin effective Dangerous to handle: most poisonous substance known Botulinum toxin

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