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Biological Warfare

An Overview of Chemical and Biological Warfare Presented by CPT Michael A. Ladd SGT Lisa Lyon United States Army Chemical School. Biological Warfare. Warfare involving the use of living organisms (as disease germs) or their toxic products against men, animals, or plants. “Webster’s” definition.

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Biological Warfare

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  1. An Overview of Chemical and Biological WarfarePresented byCPT Michael A. LaddSGT Lisa LyonUnited States Army Chemical School

  2. Biological Warfare

  3. Warfare involving the use of living organisms (as disease germs) or their toxic products against men, animals, or plants. “Webster’s” definition What is Biological Warfare?

  4. Biological agents are the living organisms, or the toxins derived from, causing disease in man, animals or plants. Bacteria Virus Toxins What are Biological Agents?

  5. Biological agents can be disseminated in a variety of ways. Mail Clouds/Spray cans Food/water Sick people/animals How can they be disseminated?

  6. Availability and ease of production in sufficient quantities. Lethal or incapacitating effects in humans at achievable and deliverable doses. Appropriate particle size. Ease of dissemination. Stability (storage, weapons, environment) Susceptibility of target. Factors in Making Effective Bio Agents

  7. Anthrax Plague Smallpox Hemorrhagic Fevers Selected Potential Agents

  8. Crimean-Congo, Hantavirus, Ebola, Yellow Fever Symptoms include fever, muscular pain, lack of strength. Full blown; shock and mucous membrane hemorrhage. Hemorrhagic Fevers

  9. Small Pox: High transmissibility, globally eradicated in the 70’s. INCUBATION: 7-17 DAYS SYMPTOMS: After incubation include fever, headache, neck and backaches. 2-3 days rashes w/ lesions appear. 3-4 weeks scabs develop and fall off. Treatment: Vaccine during first week of exposure, 30-35% mortality. Small PoxVariola virus

  10. PLAGUE- Bacteria - Inhalation, Insect bite. 3 Clinical Manifestations SYMPTOMS: (Occur within 1-6 days) Swelling of Lymph Nodes (bubonic) Nausea, fever,chills, vomiting, diarrhea. Respiratory Distress (pneumonic) Appendages turn black (Septicemic) Mortality: Bubonic 23%, Pneumonic and Septcemic near 100% if untreated. PlagueYersinia pestis

  11. ANTHRAX- Spore-forming bacteria. Causes infection and depresses the Central Nervous System. ROUTE OF ENTRY: Inhalation, Ingestion, or skin lesions. SYMPTOMS: (Occur within 2-7 days) Cutaneous- boil like lesion forming into black ulcer. Inhalation- common cold then respiratory difficulty and shock. Gastrointestinal- inflammation of intestinal tract, nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain. Mortality: 25-100% if untreated AnthraxBacillus anthracis

  12. Anthrax factory in Russia. Third world countries are more susceptible to Anthrax due to the mixing of human and animal populations.

  13. 95% of all Anthrax cases are Cutaneous.

  14. Lungs of victim of Sverdlovsk incident.

  15. Monkey infected with Anthrax

  16. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) www.cdc.gov/ US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) www.usamriid.army.mil/ World Health Organization www.who.int/home-page/index.en.shtml Want more Information?

  17. Tartars at Caffa City Questions and Answers

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