North American Panel March 19, 2012

1. North American PanelMarch 19, 2012 UPDATE ON PIRACY JOSEPH ANGELO MANAGING DIRECTOR

2. PIRACY - Somalia • 2010 Statistics (IMB) - 219 attempted incidents - 49 hijackings (21% of incidents) • 2011 Statistics - 237 attempted incidents - 28 hijackings (11% of incidents) • 2012 Statistics (Mar 8) - 31 attempted incidents - 6 hijackings (19% of incidents)

3. INTERTANKO FOCUS • Actions members can take to protect themselves • Actions we want governments to take to protect our members

4. FOCUS AREAS - INDUSTRY • Best Management Practices (BMP) • Citadels • Armed guards

5. BMP Three essential requirements that cannot be over emphasized: • Register with MSCHOA • Report to UKMTO • Implement Self Protection Measures

6. BMP4 • Produced in consultation with EUNAVFOR, the NATO Shipping Centre, MSCHOA and UKMTO • Very close cooperation with all military players in the BMP4 revision • Funded by Industry and available free of charge

7. BMP4 • Released August 15, 2011 (BMP3 issued 6/2010) • Updates in BMP4 include: - Revision to the boundaries of the High Risk Area - Clarification of reporting requirements for MSCHOA and UKMTO - New subsection on “Prosecution of Pirates – Assisting Law Enforcement Authorities”, produced with INTERPOL - Guidance on the assistance provided by INTERPOL. - New section on Armed Private Maritime Security Contractors

8. COMPLIANCE WITH BMP • MSCHOA – currently issuing regular Monthly Compliance Report to Industry • Report lists vessels which are not compliant with BMP by either: 1. not Registering with MSCHOA 2. not Reporting to UKMTO 3. having no visible self protection measures

9. COMPLIANCE WITH BMP Industry is responding by: • Contacting Shipping Companies on list • Emphasising need for compliance with BMP, in particular the 3 major elements in order to harden a vessel against attack • Urging compliance even if armed guards are being carried • Requesting feed-back as to why vessels are not complying • Offering advice and support

10. CITADELS • Since January 2010 there have been 27 recorded incidents of citadels being used by merchant crews under attack • Reporting suggests that the citadel was decisive in foiling 23 of these attacks • For 4, not all in citadel and/or no 2-way coms • Pirates developing tactics to breach citadels • Advise issued by the military regarding the use of CITADELS on MSCHOA web site

11. CITADELS Key essential elements if citadels are to be used: • Everyone on the ship must be in the citadel • Must have self-contained, 2 way communication capabilities in the citadel • Pirates must be denied access to propulsion • Must have food and water provisions for 3 days minimum • Use of a citadel does NOT guarantee a military response

12. CITADELS Industry developed guidance on citadels • Describes the construction and use of a Citadel in order to provide effective protection against determined intrusion • Guidance does not recommend or endorse the use of a Citadel; aim to present the relevant facts to enable the Ship Owner/Operator to reach a reasoned conclusion as to whether or not to utilise a Citadel • Guidance has been approved by NATO, EUNAFOR and CMF and is available on their web sites

13. ARMED GUARDS • 50+ recorded incidents where onboard armed security teams were involved • No recorded incidents of vessels with onboard armed security teams being pirated • Military report use of armed guards rising • If embarked, military request it is reported • Military position – decision between shipowners and flag state

14. ARMED GUARDS INTERTANKO position regarding the use of armed guards • INTERTANKO believes it is the responsibility of the international navies to ensure the right of free passage on the high seas including the use of vessel protection detachments on merchant ships • INTERTANKO does not advocate the arming ships' crews • INTERTANKO believes that the use of private armed guards or private security forces onboard merchant ships has to be a matter for each individual owner or manager to assess as part of their own voyage risk assessment

15. ARMED GUARDS • Recognition of a need for Industry guidance • May 2011 – Industry produces a set of Draft Guidelines for the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel • Submitted draft guidelines to IMO Maritime Safety Committee for consideration • MSC adopts interim guidance

16. ARMED GUARDS IMO Maritime Safety Committee • MSC.1/Circ.1405 – Interim Guidance to Shipowners, Ship Operators and Ship Masters on the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area • MSC.1/Circ.1406 – Interim Recommendations for Flag States regarding the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area • MSC.1/Circ.1408 – Interim Recommendations for Port and Coastal States regarding the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area

17. ESSENTIAL ACTION • Register with MSCHOA • Report ship position to UKMTO • Utilize the Best Management Practices • Employ Self Protective Measures

18. FOCUS AREAS - GOVTS • Increased "Government Will" to eradicate piracy off Somalia • Cease the use of mother ships • Increased prosecution of convicted pirates • Increased naval assets in the region • Increased public awareness to drive the desired increase in "Government Will“ • Action to address the root cause of piracy ashore in Somalia

19. MOTHERSHIPS • Mother ships give the pirates operational range, duration and tactical use of hostages in almost the entire Indian Ocean • Motherships must be controlled/immobilised • Major concern is reprisals against crew held hostage on motherships • Controlling /immobilising action on the high seas is preferred • It is for the military to decide on the nature of the action and for politicians to indicate their acceptance of the need for action to be taken.

20. PROSECUTION • Few countries involved in counter-piracy activity have "conspiracy to commit piracy" on their statute books • For others, carrying fire arms, grappling hooks, ladders, etc. is not a criminal offence on the high seas • Capture and release policy has no effect upon piracy • All countries must increase prosecutorial action

21. ASSETS Currently about 30 assets in the region • European Union established an EU Naval Force (EUNAVFOR) Operation Atalanta • Combined Maritime Force established CTF 151 • China, India, Malaysia, Rep of Korea, Russia and others • Standing NATO Maritime Group 1 (SNMG1) For one hour response time – 83 warships How long will the assets remain???

22. CONVOY ESCORT PROGRAM • Pilot project initiated by insurance industry • 18 assets to provide convoy service in IRTC • Assets under flag of legitimacy • Under tactical command of military • $27 million initial start-up costs (EU funded?) • Average cost for transit $27,500 for three days escort • Cost neutral for industry – would include 7 day War Risk Additional Premium and Kidnap/Ransom Insurance • Some concerns raised - would military assets remain in the region?? - should industry pay for eradication of piracy?? - is CEP cost-effective - legal implications related to international/territorial waters • INTERTANKO Council does not support CEP

23. SOS CAMPAIGN • SaveOurSeafarers (SOS) campaign initiated by INTERTANKO. Joined by BIMCO, ICS, ITF and INTERCARGO • Contracted with PR firm to increase public, business and government awareness • Phase One – - Ad in Financial Times and World Street Journal - www.SaveOurSeafarers.com web site - Letters to UN SG, Heads of State and EU President - Interviews with press and news media - Press releases after incidents

26. SOS CAMPAIGN • Phase Two – - Social media (Blog, Twitter, Facebook, etc) - Actively engage policy makers - Further ads, press releases and interviews - Seek high profile name to assist in cause • Wider industry involvement, now includes support from 30 maritime associations/organizations • Steering committee established to brainstorm ideas, prioritize work items and manage budget • Phase Three - More focus on high level politicians

27. RESULTS Results, thus far – • 108,000+ visits to SOS website • From 191 countries • 31,600+ letters sent in 86 countries • 4,100+ Facebook fans and 750+ followers on Twitter

28. RECENT DEVELOPMENT • Feb 23 – London Somalia Conference • Hosted by UK PM David Cameron • 40+ senior government leaders • Focus on seven areas, including piracy Major Concern – Cameron statement “…creating an international task force to discourage the payment of ransoms to pirates and other groups to eliminate the profit motive…”

29. Thank you!!