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Medical Microbiology

Medical Microbiology. Chapter 7 Fungal Classification, Structure, and Replication. Importance of Fungi. Fungi are ubiquitous and diverse They have recently emerged as significant pathogens Especially among immunocompromised and hospitalized individuals Table 7-1

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Medical Microbiology

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  1. Medical Microbiology Chapter 7 Fungal Classification, Structure, and Replication

  2. Importance of Fungi • Fungi are ubiquitous and diverse • They have recently emerged as significant pathogens • Especially among immunocompromised and hospitalized individuals • Table 7-1 • According to your book, “there are no nonpathogenic fungi!”

  3. Fungi • Fungi are eukaryotic cells • Problem with treatment? • They contain a rigid cell wall made of chitin and glucan • They also have ergosterol in their membranes • Figure 7-1

  4. Fungi • Morphologies: • Yeasts – single-celled organisms • Replication by budding or fission • May produce pseudohyphae • Produce colonies on agar • Molds – multicellular organisms • Consist of hyphae that form a mat-like structure called a mycelium • Dimorphic Fungi – can be found as either yeasts or molds • Figures 7-2 and 7-3

  5. Human Mycoses • Mycosis – infection caused by a fungus • Superficial mycoses – limited to very superficial surfaces of skin and hair • Of cosmetic importance only • Figures 72-3 and 72-5 • Cutaneous mycoses – infections of the skin, hair, and nails • Signs and symptoms – itching, scaling, broken hairs, ring-like patch on the skin, thickened, discolored nails. • Caused by “dermatophytes” • Figures 72-14, 72-15, and 72-16

  6. Human Mycoses • Subcutaneous mycoses – infections of the deeper tissues • Can cause abscesses and non-healing ulcers • Figures 73-1, 73-5, 73-8, and 73-9 • Endemic Mycoses – systemic infections • Fungi exhibit thermal dimorphism • Can infect healthy individuals • Generally confined to specific areas • Figures 74-2, 74-5, 74-6, 74-12, and 74-14

  7. Human Mycoses • Opportunistic Mycoses – normally non-pathogenic fungi • Candida spp. – thrush, vaginal yeast infections, other more serious infections • Cryptococcusneoformans – pulmonary and CNS infections • Figure 75-10 • Aspergillus spp. • others

  8. Disease of the Day • “The Terminator” article

  9. Summary • Summary – page 73

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